Religion

Andrea Guzman 8°B
13 Breathing

1 (a) Energy is obtained from food by a process called respiration(A)…..
(b) The intake of oxygen and output of carbon dioxide at a respiratory surface iscalled
Gaseous exchange (B)…..
(c) The process of renewing air in the lungs is called ventilation(C)…..
(d) Which of the processes A-C are included in the term ‘breathing’? yes

2Name, in the correct order, the structures that incoming air would pass through between
the nasal cavity and the alveolus.
From the nasal cavity the air would pass through the pharynx, glottis, larynx,trachea, bronchi and bronchioles to reach the alveolus.

3 What is the function of the rings of cartilage in the respiratory passages? The cartilage rings hold the air passages open

4 Using thewords 'cilia' and 'mucus', describe, very briefly, how the body gets rid of dust
which enters the lungs. The coating of the air passages produces mucus which traps dust particles. Cilia in thecoating flick to and fro to carry the mucus up and out of the passages.

5 Which of the following is correct:
When we inhale
(a) our intercostal muscles contract and our ribs move down
(b) ourdiaphragm muscles contract and the ribs move up
(c) our diaphragm muscles contract and the ribs move down
(d) our intercostal muscles contract and the diaphragm muscles relax.

6 In what twoways will the composition of blood coming from the pulmonary artery differ
from that going to the pulmonary vein? Blood in the pulmonary artery will contain less oxygen and more carbon dioxide thanblood in the pulmonary vein, this one contain more oxygen than the other.

7 The percentage of oxygen absorbed from the air in the lungs is always about the same, so how can the oxygen supply to theblood be increased during vigorous activity? Breathing becomes deeper and faster, thus exposing the capillaries to a greater volume of air in a given time.

8 Inhaled air contains about 21 %...