Riesgos Nutricionales En Caries

INVESTIGACIÓN PURA

“RIESGOS NUTRICIONALES E HIGIÉNICOS ASOCIADOS A LA CARIES DE LA TEMPRANA INFANCIA EN EL BINOMIO MADRE-HIJO(A) EN EL DISTRITO JOSEFINO DE RÍO AZUL”
Dra. Raquel Goldstein C. Profesora Instructora, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Costa Rica. Especialista en Odontopediatría. Dra. Sylvia Gudiño F. Profesora Asociada, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Costa Rica.Especialista en Odontopediatría, Hospital Infantil San Rafael, Madrid, España. Master of Philosophy (Dentistry), School of Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway

2. Infantes que fueron introducidos tardíamente al cepillado dental (OR=1292). 3. Período de lactancia materna inferior a 6 meses (OR=21). 4. Madres con puntos sangrantes a la exploración clínica y con Índice CPTIN positivo en el rubrode sangrado presentaron asociación significativa con Caries de la Temprana Infancia en sus hijos (OR=3.37).

Caries dental, caries de la temprana infancia, biofilme dental, lactancia materna, higiene oral, período prenatal, factores de riesgo, biberón, condición nutricional.

PALABRAS CLAVES

ABSTRACT
The purpose of the present research was to assess the relationship among some nutritionaland hygienic risk factors, in relation to Early Childhood Caries (ECC), in a group of 80 Costa Rican children 18-30 months of age and their mothers. The participants were residents in a social-risk community called Río Azul, located at the capital, in San José-Costa Rica. An observational, analytic and retrospective study of cases and controls was planned, with 80 children and their mothers: fortychildren with ECC (Cases) with at least one visible dentine decay in any of the teeth present in the oral cavity, and 40 caries free children (Controls). The matching system was used, choosing 1 case per control, matched up by gender and age. Related to gender, the distribution by sort was 50%. Data related to possible risk factors was obtained from a pre-codified questionnaire applied to themothers: related to children the variables included demographic aspects, neonatal history, present nutritional status, history of breast feeding and weaning, baby bottle use, finger sucking habits and use of pacifier. From the mothers, factors were considered related to pregnancy and prenatal history, and for both, mother and child, oral hygiene habits. Identification of the hygiene habits inchildren: Tooth 5.1 was dyed with a solution of eritrosine with a cotton applicator, to determine the presence or absence of biofilm in the labial or palatal surface of the tooth. In mothers, the oral hygiene was determined by means of the presence or absence of bleeding points in the gingival furrow and the presence of periodontal bags, by means of the application of the CPITN Community Index, using aperiodontal sound. The clinical criteria for dental decay was as follows: 1. Visible dentine decay. 2. Severe decay, with pulpal decay. Simple bivariate analyses were carried out with variables related to the background factors. The following findings were significant: 1. Children with biofilm accumulation of 67100% (OR= 24.75). 2. Start of tooth cleaning after 10 months of age (OR= 1292) 3.History of breastfeeding for less than 6 months (OR=21) 4. Presence of bleeding points in the clinical exploration, and with positive CPTIN Index in the bleeding were associated with ECC in their children (OR=3.37).

RESUMEN
El propósito de la presente investigación fue conocer la relación entre algunos factores de riesgo nutricionales e higiénicos y la Caries de la Temprana Infancia (CTI) en ungrupo de niños(as) costarricenses de 18 a 30 meses y sus madres (binomio madre-hijo), residentes en la comunidad urbano-marginal de Río Azul, Cantón de La Unión, San JoséCosta Rica. Se planeó un estudio epidemiológico observacional, analítico, retrospectivo de casos y testigos. Se seleccionaron 80 binomios; 50% varones y 50% niñas: 40 en los que los infantes debían presentar al menos una lesión...