Ruting Special Diagrama De Redes

Gerardo Alberto Martinez Garcia

Routing Special-Educations School Buses
Federal guidelines require that transportation be provided by public school systems to allow all students an equalopportunity for an education. The geographic dispersion of special-education schools and students tends to make their routes significantly longer than neighborhood routes for non special-education students.Typically, a special education student is picked up at home and delivered to a school specializing in the student’s particular disability. The diversity of student needs often causes special-educationroutes to have several destination schools. Non special-education students are picked up at grouped locations typically in a given neighborhood and usually delivered to only one local school.
Asignificant body of literature exists on the general school-bus-routing problem, and several commercial software packages are available. The general school-bus-routing problem is usually many-to-one inthat many students in a local neighborhood are delivered to one school. Several researchers have developed specialized computer-assisted methods; to our knowledge, however, none has addressed themany-to-several nature of the special-education routing problem.
The many-to-several problem can be viewed as a special case of two types of routing problems which have appeared in the literature. Thegeneral vehicle dispatch or vehicle-routing problem has received too much attention in the literature to completely enumerate. The many-to-several problem can be viewed as an extension of thevehicle-routing problem in which not all collection points have the same destination, and special sequencing restrictions exist. The many-to-several problem can also be viewed as a special case of the subscriberdial-a-ride problem. The dial-a-ride problem first addressed by Wilson et al. (1976) is generally a many-to-many type of problem.
The special-education routing problem of the Tulsa Public School...