Scotland and northern ireland

Scotland Northern Ireland
Scotland and Northern Ireland Manuel Cristóbal Rodríguez Martínez el Lengua y Cultura Inglesas aplicadas a la Traducción e Interpretación C(1)-Inglés nglesas

INDEX

Index...............................................................................................................................................Page 1Introduction.................................................................................................................................Page 2 History of Scotland....................................................................................................................Page 2 History of Northern Ireland.....................................................................................................Page 3 Physicalcharacteristics of Scotland......................................................................................Page 3 Physical characteristics of Northern Ireland......................................................................Page 4 Cultural aspects of Scotland....................................................................................................Page 5 Cultural aspects of NorthernIreland....................................................................................Page 5 Spanish summary.......................................................................................................................Page 6 Glossary.........................................................................................................................................Page 7Bibliography.................................................................................................................................Page 8

1

Introduction.
Scotland and Northern Ireland are both countries belonging to United Kingdom, apart from Wales and England. Scotland, called "Alba" in Scottish Gaelic (a recognized regional language of Scotland), has an interesting location in the island. It isthe northest part of the island, owner of about 790 minor islands, like the Hebrides or the Northern Islands, and some fiords (a long narrow inlet of the sea between cliffs). On the other hand, Northern Ireland (called as well "Tuaisceart Éireann" in Irish) shares island with Republic of Ireland, being the only nation out of Great Britain. Then, I am going to analyze each nation separately tryingto be more accurate.

History.
Scotland: The location of Scotland was responsible for the repeated glaciations which make nearly impossible the life there. It is believed that first post-glacial groups of huntergatherers of settlers arrived around 12,800 years ago, while ice sheet was retreating. Later, Roman Empire arrived and occupied Great Britain turning its name into "Britannia", andadministering it as a province of the empire, making several changes as the erection of Hadrian's Wall (a wall to control tribes on both sides of the construction) or the Antonine Wall. In Middle Age, the Kingdom of the Picts (group of tribes living in the central and northern part of Scotland) reached a remarkably development in response to Roman imperialism, emphasizing the Battle of Dunnichen(671-693). But in the 10th century, the Kingdom of Picts was dominated by the culture which we recognized as Gaelic culture, setting the myth of Irish origins. Three centuries later, the kingdom almost reached the current size of Scotland and suffered other changes like the instauration of the feudal system. By this time, many battles took place in the kingdom, shaking it for decades. In these battlesfought the famous William Wallace, repealing the English troops.
Hadrian's Wall

The Modern history is strongly known by the Protestant Reformation, an important succession of reforms of the system and the way of life in the country. After some confrontations between England and Scotland, both nations signed the Act of Union in 1707, so it was the origin of the Great Britain Kingdom. But some...