SEÑALES

˜
ENTORNO MATLAB DE SENALES DISCRETAS

By
Alicia Espinosa Collado & Esther De Gracia Corralesˇ
c

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
AT
DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY
HALIFAX, NOVA SCOTIA
DECEMBER 1994

c Copyright by Alicia Espinosa Collado & Esther De Gracia Corralesˇ, 1994
c

DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF
MATHEMATICSSTATISTICS AND COMPUTING SCIENCE
The undersigned hereby certify that they have read and
recommend to the Faculty of Graduate Studies for acceptance
a thesis entitled “Entorno Matlab de Se˜ ales Discretas” by
n
Alicia Espinosa Collado & Esther De Gracia Corralesˇ in partial
c
fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.

Dated: December 1994

External Examiner:Victor Lomonosov

Research Supervisor:
Heydar Radjavi

Examing Committee:
Keith Johnson

Tony Thompson

ii

DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY
Date: December 1994
Author:

Alicia Espinosa Collado & Esther De Gracia
Corralesˇ
c

Title:

Entorno Matlab de Se˜ ales Discretas
n

Department: Mathematics Statistics and Computing Science
Degree: Ph.D.

Convocation: May

Year: 1995Permission is herewith granted to Dalhousie University to circulate and
to have copied for non-commercial purposes, at its discretion, the above title
upon the request of individuals or institutions.

Signature of Author
THE AUTHOR RESERVES OTHER PUBLICATION RIGHTS, AND
NEITHER THE THESIS NOR EXTENSIVE EXTRACTS FROM IT MAY
BE PRINTED OR OTHERWISE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHOR’S
WRITTENPERMISSION.
THE AUTHOR ATTESTS THAT PERMISSION HAS BEEN OBTAINED
FOR THE USE OF ANY COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL APPEARING IN THIS
THESIS (OTHER THAN BRIEF EXCERPTS REQUIRING ONLY PROPER
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IN SCHOLARLY WRITING) AND THAT ALL SUCH USE
IS CLEARLY ACKNOWLEDGED.

iii

To Adriana and the Stones.

iv

´
Indice general
List of Figures

VIII

1. Introducci´n
o

1

1.1. Objetivos . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

1.2. Metodolog´ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ıa

3

1.3. Memoria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5

2. Aspectos b´sicos sobre se˜ ales discretas
a
n

7

2.1. Introducci´n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
o

72.2. Definici´n y clasificaci´n de se˜ales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
o
o
n

8

2.2.1. Se˜ales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
n

8

2.2.2. Clasificaci´n de se˜ales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
o
n

8

2.3. Se˜ales b´sicas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
n
a

14

2.4. Operaciones b´sicas . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
a

19

2.5. Relaci´n entre se˜ales continuas y discretas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
o
n

26

2.5.1. Muestreo de se˜ales anal´gicas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
n
o

27

2.5.2. Teorema de muestreo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28

2.6. Filtrado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .

30

2.6.1. Filtro paso bajo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31

2.6.2. Filtro paso banda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32

2.6.3. Filtro paso alto. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33

2.6.4. Filtro elimina banda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34

v

2.7. Codificaci´n . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
o
3. Funcionalidades de Matlab para se˜ ales discretas
n

34
36

3.1. Introducci´n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
o

36

3.1.1. Matlab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36

3.1.2. Caracter´
ısticas del Entorno. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37

3.1.3. Salidas y...