Secundaria

English: Nicolas

The path to the Convention on the Rights of the Child

The path to the Convention on the Rights of the Child has been long and slow. In 1945, the Charter of the United Nationsestablished the foundations of the Convention by urging all countries to promote and encourage respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms "for all". The Universal Declaration of Human Rights wasadopted three years later, there was a greater emphasis on "motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance" and defined the family as "the natural and fundamental society. "During the twentieth century adopted several declarations on the Rights of the Child, the last one in 1959, which recognized that "mankind owes the child the best you can give."
The statements areobvious moral and ethical intent, but are not legally binding. The international human rights framework was strengthened by both so that we have covenants (or conventions) that had the full weight ofinternational law. In 1986, the first two covenants-the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, became instruments binding on States parties. Thesetwo pacts were based on rights and principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and as such posed a legal and moral obligation for countries to respect the human rights of allindividuals.
The rights of children followed later the same way. In 1978, the eve of International Children's Year, sponsored by the United Nations, proposed a draft Convention on the Rights of the Child. Basedon the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, a working group of theUnited Nations reviewed the draft, and finally reached an agreement on what became the Convention on the Rights of the Child.
Final approval of the Member States of the United Nations came after the...