Simulacion

Tema 5 y 6 Equipo para Manejo de Materiales y Operacion de Almacenes (Material Handling and Equipment)

Primary Handling activities
 The primary handling objective in a

warehouse is to sort inbound shipments according to precise customer requirements.
 The three handling activities are
 



receiving, in-storage handling, and shipping.
2

Receiving
 Merchandise andmaterials typically arrive at the

warehouse in larger quantities than when they depart.
 The first handling activity required is unloading the

transportation vehicle.
 In most warehouses, unloading is manual.
 Limited automated and mechanized methods have

been developed that are capable of adapting to varying product characteristics.
3

Receiving…
 The product is hand-stacked onpallets to form a unit

load for movement efficiency.
 In some cases, conveyors are employed to unload

vehicles more rapidly.

 Larger types of

merchandise may be unloaded directly from the car or truck to be moved into the warehouse.

4

Wooden Pallets

5

In-storage Handling
 In-storage handling consists of all movement within a

warehouse facility.
 Following productreceipt, it is necessary to transfer

merchandise within the warehouse to position it for storage or order selection.
 Finally, when an order is received, it is necessary to

accumulate the required products and to transport them to a shipping area.
 The two types of in-storage handling are transfer

and selection.
6

In-storage Handling… Transfer
 There are at least two andsometimes three transfer

movements required within a typical warehouse.
 The merchandise is first moved into the building and

placed at a designated storage location.
 The inbound movement is handled by forklift trucks

when pallets are used or other mechanical traction for larger unit loads.

7

Forklift lifting another forklift

8

In-storage Handling… Transfer…
 A secondinternal movement may be required prior to

order assembly depending on the operating procedures of the warehouse.
 When products are required for order selection, they

are transferred to an order selection or picking area.
 When the merchandise is physically large or bulky,

such as a stove or washing machine, this second movement may be omitted.
 In the final transfer, the assortment ofproducts

required for a customer shipment is moved from the warehouse to the shipping dock.
9

In-storage Handling… Selection
 The selection process groups materials, parts, and

products into customer orders.
 It is typical for one section of the warehouse to be

established as a selection area to minimize travel distance.
 Sometimes the selection process is coordinated by acomputerized control system.
 The primary focus for warehouse automation is the

selection process.
10

Shipping
 Shipping consists of checking and loading orders

onto transportation vehicles.
 As in receiving, shipping is manually performed in

most systems.
 Shipping with unit loads is becoming increasingly

popular because considerable time can be saved in vehicle loading.
A unit load consists of grouped products, while a

dead-stack or floor-stack load consists of boxes loaded directly from the floor.
11

Basic Handling Considerations
 Some guidelines for the design of material-handling

systems are:








Equipment for handling and storage should be as standardized as possible. The system should be designed to provide maximum continuousproduct flow. Handling equipment should be utilized to the maximum extent possible. In handling equipment selection, the ratio of deadweight to payload should be minimized.
12

Basic Handling Considerations…
 Handling systems are classified as mechanized,

semi-automated, automated, and informationdirected.
 A combination of labor and handling equipment is

utilized in mechanized...