Soldadura

Aluminium-Welding

42,0410,0590

012004

GB Course book

Table of contents
1. Introduction........................................................................................................................................ 6
1.1. Areas of use .................................................................................................................................. 6
1.2.Differences between aluminium and iron ..................................................................................... 6
1.3. Advantages of aluminium over steel............................................................................................. 7
1.4. The most important alloying constituents of aluminium................................................................ 7
1.5. Typesof aluminium....................................................................................................................... 8
2. The material aluminium .................................................................................................................. 10
2.1. Possibilities for hardening of aluminium..................................................................................... 11
2.1.1. Rolling .................................................................................................................................. 11
2.1.2. Distortion of the lattice structure by impurity metals ............................................................ 11
2.1.3. Nucleation through magnesium........................................................................................... 11
2.1.4. Precipitations on the grain boundary ................................................................................... 12
2.2. Aluminium casting materials ....................................................................................................... 13
2.3. Cracking tendency of aluminium................................................................................................ 14
2.3.1. Cracks .................................................................................................................................. 14
2.3.2. Trial – hot-cracking propensity of AlMg 4.5 Mn ................................................................... 16
3. Easy identification of alloy “in situ”.............................................................................................. 20
3.1. Caustic solution test for Separation of the alloys with copper, zinc and silicon ......................... 20
3.2. Alloy designations ....................................................................................................................... 21
3.2.1. Alloy groups – numerical system......................................................................................... 22
3.2.2. Standards/Datasheets.......................................................................................................... 25
4. Filler metals for aluminium welding .............................................................................................. 29
4.1. Treatment of the wire.................................................................................................................. 31
4.2. Corrosion resistance ................................................................................................................... 32
4.3. Weldability .................................................................................................................................. 32
4.3.1. Material-specificpeculiarities ............................................................................................... 32
4.4. Influence of different filler metals ................................................................................................ 34
4.5. Typical problems......................................................................................................................... 35...