Spain In 1920

In 1920, Spain was a constitutional monarchy under Alfonso XIII. However, the government was inefficient and corrupt. In 1921, a Spanish army was sent to Spanish Morocco to put down a revolt.
In1923, Spain experienced a bloodless coup when Alfonso agreed that general Primo de Rivera should take control of Spain. He ruled as a military dictatorship until 1930. He succeed in ending the war inMorocco (1925).
The depression of the 1930´s hit Spain. Unemployment rose and Rivera did not have the ability to sort out Spain´s financial mess. The army withdrew its support and Rivera resigned.
In1931, elections were held in which the republicans won the control of all cities. Alfonso decided to abdicate, and a republic was proclaimed. The new republic faced a number of problems:
Catalonia andthe Basque provinces wanted independence.
The Roman catholic Church was hostile to the republic and the republic was hostile to the church.
In 1930 the depression caused additional problems.Unemployment rose. With unemployment and falling standards of living, the republic was likely to lose the support of the working class.
The left´s solutions to these problems were not acceptable to theright:
Catalonia was allowed to self-government,
An attack was made on the church. Priests were no longer paid by the state and religious education was ceased. Jesuits were expelled.
Attempts weremade to rise the wages of the industrial workers.
These measures infuriated the right-wing group (church, army, landowners and industrialists). In 1932, army officers tried to overthrow the governmentof Manual Azana but it was unsuccessful. However, a new political party was formed, The Ceda to defend the church and landlords.
The government of Azana, having lost support from the right, alsolost support from the left, the anarchist and syndicalists. They wanted a more communistic state and overthrown the capitalism. Azana was deemed (considerado) to have betrayed the working class. In...