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The Procter & Gamble Company (P&G) is an American multinational consumer goodscompany headquartered in downtown Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Its products include foods, beverages, cleaningagents and personal care products.[2]
In 2011, P&G recorded $82.6 billion dollars in sales. Fortune magazine ranked P&G at fifth place of the "World's Most Admired Companies" list, which was up from sixth place in2010.[3] Procter & Gamble is the only Fortune 500 company to issue C Share common stock



William Procter, a candlemaker, and James Gamble, a soapmaker, emigrated from England and Irelandrespectively. They settled in Cincinnati initially and met when they married sisters, Olivia and Elizabeth Norris.[4] Alexander Norris, their father-in-law, called a meeting in which he persuaded his newsons-in-law to become business partners. On October 31, 1837, as a result of the suggestion, Procter & Gamble was created.

In 1858–1859, sales reached $1 million. By this point, approximately 80employees worked for Procter & Gamble. During the American Civil War, the company won contracts to supply the Union Army with soap and candles. In addition to the increased profits experienced during the war,the military contracts introduced soldiers from all over the country to Procter & Gamble's products.

In the 1880s, Procter & Gamble began to market a new product, an inexpensive soap that floatsin water. The company called the soapIvory. William Arnett Procter, William Procter's grandson, began a profit-sharing program for the company's workforce in 1887. By giving the workers a stake in thecompany, he correctly assumed that they would be less likely to go on strike.

The company began to build factories in other locations in the United States because the demand for products hadoutgrown the capacity of the Cincinnati facilities. The company's leaders began to diversify its products as well and, in 1911, began producing Crisco, a shortening made of vegetable oils rather...