Traduccion - ingles -lista con las frases de transición--administracion iutep venezuela

1. LISTA CON LAS FRASES DE TRANSICIÓN

CONTRASTE:
ON THE OTHER HAND: POR EL CONTRARIO

CONECTORES DE TRANSICIÓN Y CONECTORES
AT A: EN LA QUE
BY THE THEN: POR EL ENTONCES
FROM ITS: DESDE SU
ONCE: UNA VEZ
IT WAS CLEAR:CLARO QUE
NOT SURPRISINGLY: NO ES DE EXTRAÑAR
NOT SURPRISINGLY: NO ES DE EXTRAÑAR
WHENEVER THERE IS: SIEMPRE HAY
TO ADDRESS: PARA HACER FRENTE A
NORMALLY:NORMALMENTE
WHICH MEANS: LO QUE SIGNIFICA QUE
ALREADY: YA
THIS IS KNOWN AS: ESTO SE CONOCE COMO
WHICH: LO QUE

2. LISTA DE LOS VERBOS FRASALES
KNOWN AS: CONOCIDO COMO
CONSTITUTED A: CONSTITUYE
DUE TO: DEBIDO A
LEADS TO: DA LUGAR A

3. LISTA CON PALABRAS O FRASES RELATIVAS AL ÁREA DE ADMINISTRACIÓN, PRESENTES EN LA LECTURA.
El Impuesto al Valor Agregado: Value Added Tax
IVA: VAT
autoridadesfiscales: tax authority
facilidad de pago: ease of payment
recaudación del régimen del IVA: revenues collected from the VAT system
ingresos del gobierno en la economía francesa: government's revenue in the French economy
doble imposición de bienes y servicios: double taxation of goods and services
sistema impuesto sobre las ventas convencionales: conventional sales tax system
crédito delimpuesto soportado: input tax credit
consumidor final: end consumer
pagar el impuesto: pay tax
tributado previamente: taxed previously
aumentos de los impuestos de consumo: increases consumer tax price leves
niveles del precio: price leves
tasa de evasión: rate of evasion
crecimiento económico: economic growth.

4. SÍNTESIS EN ESPAÑOL DE LA IDEA PRINCIPAL DE LA LECTURA EN UN PÁRRAFO ENTRE4 Y 6 LÍNEAS:

Impuesto al Valor Agregado, conocido como «IVA», es una imposición indirecta en la que una suma de dinero se recauda en la venta de un producto o servicio. En 1954, el sistema del IVA fue iniciado por el entonces director conjunta de las autoridades fiscales de Francia, Maurice Laure. IVA entró en vigor por primera vez
el 10 de abril de 1954. Desde su creación, el sistema delIVA se impuso a todos los sectores
importantes de Francia - el primer país en utilizar este sistema.

5. TÍTULO A LA LECTURA ASIGNADA

TITLE: VALUE ADDED TAX
TITULO: EL IMPUESTO AL VALOR AGREGADO

VALUE ADDED TAX

Value Added Tax, popularly known as ‘VAT’, is a special type of indirect tax in which a sum of money is levied at a particular stage in the sale of a product or service. In1954, the value added tax system was initiated by the then joint director of the tax authority of France, Maurice Laure. VAT carne into effect for the first time on 10th April, 1954.

From its inception, the value added tax system was imposed on all major sectors of France - the first country to use this system. Once instituted, it was immediately clear that revenues collected from the VAT systemconstituted a substantial share of the government's revenue in the French economy. Not surprisingly, due to the ease of payment and ready comprehensibility, the value added tax system has been adopted by different nations across the world.

VAT is intended to be levied - or charged - whenever there is some value addition to raw material. The taxpayers on the other hand, will get credit for theamount of tax paid off at the stages of procurement.

The value added tax system has proven to be effective in avoiding problems that normally might arise out of the double taxation of goods and services.

The value added tax system is designed to address various problems associated with the conventional sales tax system. In sales tax, there is no provision for input tax credit, which means thatthe end consumer may pay tax on an input that has already been taxed previously. This is known as cascading and leads to increases consumer tax and price leves, which increases the rate of evasion and can be detrimental to economic growth.

El IMPUESTO AL VALOR AGREGADO

El Impuesto al Valor Agregado, popularmente conocido como «IVA», es un tipo especial de imposición indirecta en la que...