Traduccion

RESEARCH PAPER
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1- Look for any topic in the field of investigation assigned.

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A- ABSTRACT: Label the part of the abstract making any suitable comment as regard content and format. If necessary, make an appraisal. Then translate the abstract.
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Field of investigation:Geology:fossils

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ABSTRACT
The Paleogene record of Afro-Arabia is represented by few fossil localities, most of which are coastal. Here we reportsedimentological and paleontological data from continental Oligocene strata in northwestern Ethiopia. These have produced abundant plant fossils and unique assemblages of vertebrates, thus filling a gap in what is known of Paleogene interior Afro-Arabia. The study area is approximately 60 km west of Gondar, Chilga Woreda; covers about 100 km2; and represents as few as 1 Myr based on radiometric dates andpaleomagnetic chronostratigraphy. The sedimentary strata are 150 m thick, and dominated by kaolinitic and smectitic mudstones and airfall tuff deposits. Five main paleosol types are interpreted as representing Protosols (gleyed or ferric), Histosols, Gleysols, Vertisols, and Argillisols. Varied, poor drainage conditions produced lateral variation in paleosols, and stratigraphic variation probablyresulted from lateral changes in drainage conditions through time. Vertebrate fossils occur in sediments associated with ferric Protosols and occur with fruits, seeds, and leaf impressions. Plant fossils also occur as in situ forests on interfluves, leaf and flower compressions associated with in situ carbonized trees in overbank deposits (Gleyed Protosols), and compressions of leaves, twigs and seeds intuffs. Plant fossil assemblages document diverse forests, from 20-35 m tall, of locally heterogeneous composition, and representing families occurring commonly (legumes) or uncommonly (palms) in forests today. Sedimentological and paleobotanical data are consistent with a nearly flat landscape where a meandering river and ample rainfall supported lush vegetation. Over time, the region was subjectto intermittent ashfalls. A unique fauna of archaic mammalian endemics, such as arsinoitheres and primitive hyracoids, lived here with the earliest deinotheres.

Bonnie F. Jacobs. Environmental Science Program, Southern Methodist University, P.O. Box 750395, Dallas,
Texas 75275-0395, USA. bjacobs@smu.edu
Neil Tabor. Department of Geological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, P.O. Box750395, Dallas,
Texas 75275-0395, USA. ntabor@smu.edu
Mulugeta Feseha. Institute of Development Research, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Addis
Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. mulugetafy@yahoo.com
Aaron Pan. Department of Geological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, P.O. Box 750395, Dallas,
Texas 75275-0395, USA. apan@smu.edu
John Kappelman. Department ofAnthropology, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station C 3200,
Austin, Texas 78712, USA. jkappelman@mail.utexas.edu
Tab Rasmussen. Department of Anthropology, Washington University, Campus Box 1114, St. Louis, Missouri
63130-4899, USA. dtrasmus@artsci.wustl.edu
William Sanders. Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan, 1109 Geddes Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan
48109, USA.wsanders@umich.edu
Michael Wiemann. Center for Wood Anatomy Research, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory,
One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53726-2398, USA. mwiemann@fs.fed.us
Jeff Crabaugh. Oklahoma State University, T. Boone Pickens School of Geology, 105 Noble Research
Center, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078-3031, USA. jeff.crabaugh@okstate.edu
Juan Leandro Garcia Massini....