trastornos mentales

PREVALENCIA DE TRASTORNOS MENTALES Y USO DE SERVICIOS:
RESULTADOS DE LA ENCUESTA NACIONAL DE EPIDEMIOLOGÍA
PSIQUIÁTRICA EN MÉXICO1
Ma. Elena Medina-Mora2, Guilherme Borges3, Carmen Lara Muñoz4, Corina Benjet5, Jerónimo Blanco Jaimes6,
Clara Fleiz Bautista5, Jorge Villatoro Velázquez5, Estela Rojas Guiot5, Joaquín Zambrano Ruíz5, Leticia
Casanova Rodas5, Sergio Aguilar-Gaxiola7

SUMMARY
In2001, the World Health Organization dedicated it’s Annual
Health Report to Mental Health in an effort to put this problems
at the core of the global health and development agendas. Along
with this initiative, governments were invited to collaborate in
the so called WHO 2000 initiative on Mental Health gathering
information on the nature and extent of the problem, using the
cross culturallyvalidated Diagnostic Interview Schedule, WHOCIDI. This study forms part of this initiative. The paper describes
the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, regional variations, socio
demographic correlates and service utilization in the Mexican
urban population between 18 and 65 years of age from the
National Survey on Psychiatric Epidemiology (ENEP for its
initials in spanish). It is the firsttime that such national data are
gathered and published for Mexico.
The sample design was probabilistic, stratified and multistage,
one individual per household was selected. Information was
gathered in two phases (information from the composition of
the household and from the individual selected among the eligible
members) (18-65 years of age), the target population was noninstitutionalized inhabitants of households in urban localities of
more than 2,500 inhabitants, which represents 72% of the
national population. The sample design is a strict probability
selection scheme: 200 primary selection units (PSU) selected with
probability proportional to a measure of size (PPS); census tract
areas (AGEB) serving as PSU; 5 city blocks or listing areas selected
with PPS within eachselected PSU; 1 compact segment in the
neighborhood of 9 housing units (hu’s) selected within each
selected listing area; all households within selected hu´s included

in survey and 1 eligible respondent selected within each selected
household.
The field work was conducted in two stages. During the first
phase (September- December 2001) 10,377 households were
visited up to 5 times toobtain information either on the household
or for the selected interviewer. In order to reduce the non response
rate, a second phase was implemented; a systematic probabilistic
sub sample of 21 PSUs for Mexico City Metropolitan Area and
40 PSUs in the rest of the country was re-visited. The strategy
was to complete up to 10 callbacks (including those already
completed in the first round) in eachnon-response household and
in each non-response individual interview. During this re-visit,
efforts were concentrated on obtaining data on households with
missing informants or refusals, and completing interviews on
individuals not located previously or individuals that refused the
individual interview in the first phase. No financial incentive was
given during any phase of the survey. Thefieldwork ended in May
2002 and a total of 5,826 completed interviews were achieved.
The response rate, both at the household and at the individual
level, takes into consideration the complex survey design and the
re-visit process. The weighted response rate at the household
level was 91.3%, and the weighted response rate at the individual
level was 76.6%. The main reason fornon-participation at
household was “no one at home” (12.8% of eligible households).
Direct refusals were infrequent (5.2%). Main reason for nonparticipation at individual level was “absent in the moment” (7.8%
of listed individuals). Direct refusals were infrequent (6.2% of
listed individuals).
The instrument is a computer assisted version of the Composite
International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI...