Varian solucionado
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Publicado: 26 de noviembre de 2011
Chapter 1
NAME
The Market
Introduction. The problems in this chapter examine some variations on
the apartment market described in the text. In most of the problems we work with the true demand curve constructed from the reservation prices of the consumers rather than the “smoothed” demand curve that we used in the text. Remember that the reservation price of a consumer is that price wherehe is just indifferent between renting or not renting the apartment. At any price below the reservation price the consumer will demand one apartment, at any price above the reservation price the consumer will demand zero apartments, and exactly at the reservation price the consumer will be indifferent between having zero or one apartment. You should also observe that when demand curves have the“staircase” shape used here, there will typically be a range of prices where supply equals demand. Thus we will ask for the the highest and lowest price in the range.
1.1 (3) Suppose that we have 8 people who want to rent an apartment. Their reservation prices are given below. (To keep the numbers small, think of these numbers as being daily rent payments.) Person Price = A = 40 B 25 C D 30 35 E 10F 18 G 15 H 5
(a) Plot the market demand curve in the following graph. (Hint: When the market price is equal to some consumer i’s reservation price, there will be two different quantities of apartments demanded, since consumer i will be indifferent between having or not having an apartment.)
2
THE MARKET
(Ch. 1)
Price 60 50 40 30 20 10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6 7 8Apartments
(b) Suppose the supply of apartments is fixed at 5 units. In this case there is a whole range of prices that will be equilibrium prices. What is the highest price that would make the demand for apartments equal to 5 units?
$18. $15. A, B, C, D. $10 to $15.
(c) What is the lowest price that would make the market demand equal to 5 units?
(d) With a supply of 4 apartments, which of thepeople A–H end up getting apartments?
(e) What if the supply of apartments increases to 6 units. What is the range of equilibrium prices?
1.2 (3) Suppose that there are originally 5 units in the market and that 1 of them is turned into a condominium. (a) Suppose that person A decides to buy the condominium. What will be the highest price at which the demand for apartments will equal thesupply of apartments? What will be the lowest price? Enter your answers in column A, in the table. Then calculate the equilibrium prices of apartments if B, C, . . . , decide to buy the condominium.
NAME
3
Person High price Low price
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
18 15
18 15
18 15
18 15
25 18
25 15
25 18
25 18
(b) Suppose that there were two people at eachreservation price and 10 apartments. What is the highest price at which demand equals supply?
18.
Suppose that one of the apartments was turned into a condo-
minium. Is that price still an equilibrium price?
Yes.
1.3 (2) Suppose now that a monopolist owns all the apartments and that he is trying to determine which price and quantity maximize his revenues. (a) Fill in the box withthe maximum price and revenue that the monopolist can make if he rents 1, 2, . . ., 8 apartments. (Assume that he must charge one price for all apartments.) Number Price Revenue 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
40 40
35 70
30 90
25 100
18 90
15 90
10 70
5 40
(b) Which of the people A–F would get apartments?
A, B, C, D. $18.
(c) If the monopolist were required by law to rent exactly5 apartments, what price would he charge to maximize his revenue? (d) Who would get apartments?
A, B, C, D, F.
(e) If this landlord could charge each individual a different price, and he knew the reservation prices of all the individuals, what is the maximum revenue he could make if he rented all 5 apartments?
$148.
(f ) If 5 apartments were rented, which individuals would get the...
NAME
The Market
Introduction. The problems in this chapter examine some variations on
the apartment market described in the text. In most of the problems we work with the true demand curve constructed from the reservation prices of the consumers rather than the “smoothed” demand curve that we used in the text. Remember that the reservation price of a consumer is that price wherehe is just indifferent between renting or not renting the apartment. At any price below the reservation price the consumer will demand one apartment, at any price above the reservation price the consumer will demand zero apartments, and exactly at the reservation price the consumer will be indifferent between having zero or one apartment. You should also observe that when demand curves have the“staircase” shape used here, there will typically be a range of prices where supply equals demand. Thus we will ask for the the highest and lowest price in the range.
1.1 (3) Suppose that we have 8 people who want to rent an apartment. Their reservation prices are given below. (To keep the numbers small, think of these numbers as being daily rent payments.) Person Price = A = 40 B 25 C D 30 35 E 10F 18 G 15 H 5
(a) Plot the market demand curve in the following graph. (Hint: When the market price is equal to some consumer i’s reservation price, there will be two different quantities of apartments demanded, since consumer i will be indifferent between having or not having an apartment.)
2
THE MARKET
(Ch. 1)
Price 60 50 40 30 20 10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6 7 8Apartments
(b) Suppose the supply of apartments is fixed at 5 units. In this case there is a whole range of prices that will be equilibrium prices. What is the highest price that would make the demand for apartments equal to 5 units?
$18. $15. A, B, C, D. $10 to $15.
(c) What is the lowest price that would make the market demand equal to 5 units?
(d) With a supply of 4 apartments, which of thepeople A–H end up getting apartments?
(e) What if the supply of apartments increases to 6 units. What is the range of equilibrium prices?
1.2 (3) Suppose that there are originally 5 units in the market and that 1 of them is turned into a condominium. (a) Suppose that person A decides to buy the condominium. What will be the highest price at which the demand for apartments will equal thesupply of apartments? What will be the lowest price? Enter your answers in column A, in the table. Then calculate the equilibrium prices of apartments if B, C, . . . , decide to buy the condominium.
NAME
3
Person High price Low price
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
18 15
18 15
18 15
18 15
25 18
25 15
25 18
25 18
(b) Suppose that there were two people at eachreservation price and 10 apartments. What is the highest price at which demand equals supply?
18.
Suppose that one of the apartments was turned into a condo-
minium. Is that price still an equilibrium price?
Yes.
1.3 (2) Suppose now that a monopolist owns all the apartments and that he is trying to determine which price and quantity maximize his revenues. (a) Fill in the box withthe maximum price and revenue that the monopolist can make if he rents 1, 2, . . ., 8 apartments. (Assume that he must charge one price for all apartments.) Number Price Revenue 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
40 40
35 70
30 90
25 100
18 90
15 90
10 70
5 40
(b) Which of the people A–F would get apartments?
A, B, C, D. $18.
(c) If the monopolist were required by law to rent exactly5 apartments, what price would he charge to maximize his revenue? (d) Who would get apartments?
A, B, C, D, F.
(e) If this landlord could charge each individual a different price, and he knew the reservation prices of all the individuals, what is the maximum revenue he could make if he rented all 5 apartments?
$148.
(f ) If 5 apartments were rented, which individuals would get the...
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