Viviendas

UNIVERSIDAD RICARDO PALMA



FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA



ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL



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TEMA: Vivienda

CURSO: Laboratorio de Ingeniería Hidráulica

GRUPO: SS4

PROFESOR: Manuel Casas

ALUMNO: Gutiérrez Neyra, David Alonso

CODIGO: 200911624

FECHA: 02/05/2012


APARTMENT
An apartment (in American English) or flat (in BritishEnglish) is a self-contained housing unit (a type of residential real estate) that occupies only part of a building. Such a building may be called an apartment building, apartment house (in American English), block of flats, tower block, high-rise or, occasionally mansion block (in British English), especially if it consists of many apartments for rent. Apartments may be owned by an owner/occupierby leasehold tenure or rented by tenants (two types of housing tenure).
The term apartment is favored in North America (although flat is used in the case of a unit which is part of a house containing two or three units, typically one to a floor), whereas the term flat is commonly, but not exclusively, used in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Singapore, Hong Kong and most Commonwealth nations.
InMalaysian English, flat often denotes a housing block of lesser quality meant for lower-income groups, while apartment is more generic and may also include luxury condominiums.
In Australian English, the term flat was traditionally used, but the term apartment is also frequently used, as is "home unit", or "unit" for short.
Tenement law refers to the feudal basis of permanent property such as landor rents. It may be found combined as in "Messuage or Tenement" to encompass all the land, buildings and other assets of a property.
In the US and Canada, some apartment-dwellers own their own apartments, either as co-ops, in which the residents own shares of a corporation that owns the building or development; or in condominiums, whose residents own their apartments and share ownership of thepublic spaces. Most apartments are in buildings designed for the purpose, but large older houses are sometimes divided into apartments. The word apartment connotes a residential unit or section in a building. In some locations, particularly the United States, the word denotes a rental unit owned by the building owner, and is not typically used for a condominium.
In the UK, some flat owners own ashare in the company that owns the freehold of the building as well as holding the flat under a lease. This is commonly known as a "share of freehold" flat. The freehold company has the right to collect annual ground rents from each of the flat owners in the building. The freeholder can also develop or sell the building, subject to the usual planning and restrictions that might apply.
In somecountries the word unit is a more general term referring to both apartments and rental business suites. The word is generally used only in the context of a specific building; e.g., "This building has three units" or "I'm going to rent a unit in this building", but not "I'm going to rent a unit somewhere." In Australia, a unit refers to flats, apartments or even semi-detached houses. Some buildings canbe characterized as mixed use buildings, meaning part of the building is for commercial, business, or office use, usually on the first floor or first couple of floors, and there are one or more apartments in the rest of the building, usually on the upper floors.
When there is no tenant occupying an apartment, the apartment owner or landlord is said to have a vacancy. For apartment landlords, eachvacancy represents a loss of income from rent-paying tenants for the time the apartment is vacant (i.e., unoccupied). Landlords' objectives are often to minimize the vacancy rate for their units. The owner of the apartment, typically when transferring possession to the occupant, gives him/her the key to the apartment entrance and any other keys needed, such as a common key to the building or any...