Aesthetics

Aesthetics

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Aesthetics
Aesthetics (also spelled æsthetics or esthetics) is a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of beauty, art, and taste, and with the creation and appreciation of beauty.[1] It is more scientifically defined as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values, sometimes called judgments of sentiment and taste.[2] More broadly, scholars in the field defineaesthetics as "critical reflection on art, culture and nature."[3][4]

Etymology
The word aesthetic is derived from the Greek αἰσθητικός (aisthetikos, meaning "esthetic, sensitive, sentient"), which in turn was derived from αἰσθάνομαι (aisthanomai, meaning "I perceive, feel, sense").[5] The term "aesthetics" was appropriated and coined with new meaning in the German form Æsthetik (modern spellingÄsthetik) by Alexander Baumgarten in 1735. It is said that Zyzz is the king of aesthetics.

History of aesthetics
Ancient aesthetics
Examples of pre-historic art are rare. The context of their production and use is unclear; aesthetic doctrines that guided their production and interpretation are mostly unknown. Ancient art was largely, but not entirely, based on the eight great ancientcivilizations: Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, Greece, China, Rome, India, the Celtic peoples, and Maya. Each of these centers of early civilization Bronze sculpture, thought to be either developed a unique and characteristic style in its art. Greece had the most Poseidon or Zeus, National influence on the development of aesthetics in the West. This period of Greek Archaeological Museum of Athens art saw aveneration of the human physical form and the development of corresponding skills to show musculature, poise, beauty and anatomically correct proportions. Furthermore, in many Western and Eastern cultures alike, traits such as body hair are rarely depicted in art that addresses physical beauty. In contrast with this Greek-Western aesthetic taste is the genre of the grotesque.[6] Greek philosophersinitially felt that aesthetically appealing objects were beautiful in and of themselves. Plato felt that beautiful objects incorporated proportion, harmony, and unity among their parts. Similarly, in the Metaphysics, Aristotle found that the universal elements of beauty were order, symmetry, and definiteness. An example of ancient aesthetics in Greece through poetry is the quote " For the authors ofthose great poems which we admire, do not attain to excellence through the rules of any art; but they utter their beautiful melodies of verse in a state of inspiration, and, as it were, possessed by a spirit not their own,"Plato. (History of Aesthetics)

Islamic aesthetics
Islamic art does not pertain to religion only. The term "Islamic" refers not only to the religion, but to any form of artcreated in an Islamic culture or in an Islamic context. Not all Muslims are in agreement on the use of art in religious observance, the proper place of art in society, or the relation between secular art and the demands placed on the secular world to conform to religious precepts. Islamic art frequently adopts secular elements and elements that are frowned upon, if not forbidden, by some Islamictheologians.[7] According to Islam, human works of art are inherently flawed compared to the work of God; thus, it is believed by many that attempting to realistically depict the form of an animal or person is insolence to God. This tendency effected the narrowing field of artistic possibility to such forms of art as Arabesque, mosaic, Islamic calligraphy, and

Aesthetics Islamic architecture, aswell as any form of abstraction that can claim the status of non-representational art. Limited possibilities have been explored by artists as an outlet to artistic expression, and has been cultivated to become a positive style and tradition, emphasizing the decorative function of art, or its religious functions via non-representational forms such as Geometric patterns, floral patterns, and...