Air Crack 2

Original

Odontogenic bacteria in periodontal disease
and resistance patterns to common antibiotics used
as treatment and prophylaxis in odontology
in Spain

J.R. Maestre,1 A. Bascones,2 P. Sánchez,1 P. Matesanz,2 L. Aguilar,3 M.J. Giménez,3 I. Pérez-Balcabao,1
J.J. Granizo4 and J. Prieto3
1Department of Microbiology, Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla, Madrid, Spain;2Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; 3Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; 4Department of Epidemiology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
SUMMARY

Resistance in streptococci or Gram-negative bacteria is associated with antibiotic consumption. Scarce information exists on the antibioticsusceptibility of bacterial isolates from patients with periodontitis in countries with high antibiotic consumption, as this is an area in which microbiological testing is not performed in daily practice. The present study was undertaken to explore the susceptibility of bacterial isolates in periodontitis to antibiotics prescribed in odontology in Spain as treatment for local infections or prophylaxisfor distant focal infections. Periodontal samples were prospectively collected in 48 patients classified by pocket depth of 256 – – –
Tetracycline 0.03-48 0.50 16 78.4 5.4 16.2
Azithromycin =0.02->256 3 24 67.6 2.7 29.7
Streptococcus sanguis (n = 11)
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 0.06-2 0.38 1.50 45.5 54.5 0
Amoxicillin 0.06-2 0.25 1.50 54.5 45.5 0Clindamycin 0.12-0.64 0.19 0.25 90.9 9.1 0
Metronidazole >256->256 >256 >256 – – –
Tetracycline 0.19-12 0.38 0.50 90.9 0 9.1
Azithromycin 0.05-32 2 16 81.8 0 18.2
Streptococcus spp. (n = 33)a
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 0.02-0.5 0.12 0.25 90.9 9.1 0
Amoxicillin 0.02-0.75 0.12 0.50 81.8 18.2 0
Clindamycin =0.02-128 0.12 0.94 78.8 12.1 9.1Metronidazole 3->256 >256 >256 – – –
Tetracycline 0.02-48 0.50 6 78.8 12.1 9.1
Azithromycin 0.06->256 0.50 32 51.6 15.1 33.3
Prevotella buccae (n = 29)
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid =0.02-0.75 0.05 0.50 100 0 0
Amoxicillin =0.02->256 0.06 96 82.2 0 17.1
Clindamycin =0.02->256 0.02 0.23 89.7 0 10.3
Metronidazole 0.02->256 0.19 2 96.6 0 3.4Tetracycline =0.02-96 0.35 32 71.4 10.7 17.9
Azithromycin =0.02->256 1 >256 – – –
Prevotella denticola (n = 19)
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid =0.02-1 0.05 1 100 0 0
Amoxicillin =0.02->256 1 128 63.2 10.5 26.3
Clindamycin =0.02->256 0.02 >256 78.9 0 21.1
Metronidazole =0.02-2 0.12 0.50 100 0 0
Tetracycline 0.03-96 0.50 48 61.1 16.722.2
Azithromycin 0.12->256 1.50 >256 – – –
Prevotella intermedia (n = 17)
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid =0.02-1 0.023 0.5 100 0 0
Amoxicillin =0.02-192 1 128 76.5 5.9 17.6
Clindamycin =0.02->256 0.02 >256 88.2 0 11.8
Metronidazole 0.02->256 0.25 6 94.1 0 5.9
Tetracycline 0.02-16 1.50 12 76.5 17.6 5.9
Azithromycin 0.02->256 0.12 32 – ––
Prevotella melaninogenica (n = 11)
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid =0.02-1.50 0.09 0.75 100 0 0
Amoxicillin 0.02->256 0.50 128 81.8 0 18.2
Clindamycin =0.02->256 0.02 0.23 90.9 0 9.1
Metronidazole =0.02-2 0.19 0.50 100 0 0
Tetracycline =0.02-32 0.50 32 63.6 0 36.4
Azithromycin =0.02->256 2 12 – – –

(Continued)

Table 1. Antimicrobialsusceptibility of the 261 periodontal isolates. (Continued)
MIC (mg/l) %
Microorganism and antibiotics Range 50% 90% S I R
Prevotella spp. (n = 9)b
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid =0.02-0.19 0.02 0.19 100 0 0
Amoxicillin =0.02-8 0.25 8 88.9 11.1 0
Clindamycin =0.02-0.03 0.02 0.03 100 0 0
Metronidazole =0.02-0.50 0.09 0.50 100 0 0
Tetracycline...