Bio1

LAB REPORT 1: CELL SIZE
PART I: BIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
A. Draw a biological hierarchy similar to the one in Figure 1.5 (chapter 1) but using a coral reef as an ecosystem fish as an organism, its stomach as the organ and DNA as the molecule. Include all levels of biological organization in the hierarchy. Your drawings do not need to be perfect. You can also write names and not draw but itshould be in the form of an illustration (flow chart, figure etc)

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B.Give a brief explanation of all the levels of biological organization mentioned in your illustration.
NOTE: Use your own words and try explaining concepts on the basis of what you understood in class.
1. Atom: It is the smallest unit of which matter is made off. When several atoms are put together they form a molecule. Atoms are not alive.
2. Molecule: Is the result of two or moreatoms put together. They can be atoms of the same element, or a combination of elements. Depending of the combination of atoms we will have different types of molecules. In this we have the DNA molecule, which contains x number of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O) and phosphorous (P) atoms.
Cell: Is the smallest unit of life. Regardless of its size a cell capable ofreproduce, convert energy, and interaction with the environment. Without cells, there’s no life.
3. Tissues: Are made of similar cells that work together for a function.
4. Organ: Organs are made of several tissues that form a structure capable to perform a specific function. The organ in this example is the stomach of a fish.
5. Organ system: Is composed by several organs that work together toperform a common function. In this example we have the digestive system of a fish.
6. Organism: An organism is the sum of all of the above; therefore we can assume an organism has a complex structural organization. Examples of organisms are plants, animals, humans, and in this example the French Angelfish.
7. Population: Is the group of organisms that belong to the same specie (samecharacteristics) that live together at a given time in a specific region.
8. Community: Is made of populations of different species that live together and interact with each other.
9. Ecosystem: Is formed by the communities and the nonliving factors of a specific region. In this example, a coral reef is the ecosystem in which the French Angelfish lives and interacts with other fish species andnon-living factors such as temperature of the water, light, and maybe contamination.
11. Biosphere: Is composed of all the ecosystems: coral reefs, rain forests, deserts et cetera.

PART II: CELL IS THE SMALLEST UNIT OF LIFE
A. Prokaryotic Cell: Name all cellular components. Describe the function of each. Provide a labeled diagram.

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Prokaryotic Cell 1
Nucleoid: Is where the DNA is located ina prokaryotic cell. It is not bounded by a membrane.
Ribosomes: Are the ones that translate the information contained in the genes.
Capsule: It’s a layer of proteins that help protect the bacterial cell.
Cell wall: Maintains the cell’s shape. Not all cells have a cell wall; therefore, not all cells have a definite shape.
Cell membrane: It is a double permeable layer responsible of the cell’sintake of nutrients and proteins, as well as the release of waste.
Flagella: Is an external part of the cell that allows it to move actively while consuming energy.
B. Eukaryotic cell: (you could choose either plant OR animal cell)
What did you add to a prokaryotic cell to advance it into a eukaryotic cell?
I added a definite nucleus, multiple chromosomes -since prokaryotic cells have only...