Capacitor

Páginas: 2 (306 palabras) Publicado: 6 de diciembre de 2012
Capacitor
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the electronic component. For the physical phenomenon, see capacitance. For an overview of various kinds of capacitors, seetypes of capacitor.

Miniature low-voltage capacitors, by a cm ruler


A typical electrolytic capacitor
A capacitor (originally known as condenser) is a passive two-terminal electrical componentused to store energy in an electric field. The forms of practical capacitors vary widely, but all contain at least two electrical conductors separated by a dielectric (insulator); for example, onecommon construction consists of metal foils separated by a thin layer of insulating film. Capacitors are widely used as parts of electrical circuits in many common electrical devices.
When there is apotential difference (voltage) across the conductors, a static electric field develops across the dielectric, causing positive charge to collect on one plate and negative charge on the other plate. Energyis stored in the electrostatic field. An ideal capacitor is characterized by a single constant value, capacitance, measured in farads. This is the ratio of the electric charge on each conductor tothe potential difference between them.
The capacitance is greatest when there is a narrow separation between large areas of conductor, hence capacitor conductors are often called plates, referring toan early means of construction. In practice, the dielectric between the plates passes a small amount of leakage current and also has an electric field strength limit, resulting in a breakdown voltage,while the conductors and leads introduce an undesired inductance and resistance.
Capacitors are widely used in electronic circuits for blocking direct current while allowing alternating current topass, in filter networks, for smoothing the output of power supplies, in the resonant circuits that tune radios to particular frequencies, in electric power transmission systems for stabilizing...
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