Condicional Sentences

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
Las condicionales muestran cómo una situación - la condición - produce otra - la consecuencia -.
TYPE I
a- If + present // will, can, may ® SITUACIONES PROBABLES
IfI have time, I’ll come and see you.
b- If + present // imperative ® PETICIONES o DAR ÓRDENES
If it rains, take a raincoat.
c- If + present // present ® SITUACIONES QUE SIEMPRE SON VERDADIf you mix blue and yellow, you get green.
TYPE II
If + past simple // Would, Could, Might + infinitive (sin TO)
® SITUACIONES POSIBLES, PERO NO MUY PROBABLES EN EL FUTURO
® SITUACIONESIRREALES EN EL PRESENTE
If I found £ 1000 in the street, I would keep it.
If I had £1000, I could buy a car.
If I were you, I’d (I would) travel around the world with the lottery prize.TYPE III
If + past perfect // Would, Could, Might + have + past participle
® SITUACIONES PASADAS QUE NO OCURRIERON (IMPOSIBLES)
If I hadn’t been ill, I would have gone to the concert.
If Ihad seen you, I’d have said hello.
If I had won the lottery, I could have gone to The Bahamas.
NOTAS:
a- La oración de IF puede ponerse delante o detrás de la principal. Si la oración deIF va delante, se pone una coma entre ellas.
b- ‘d es la forma abreviada de HAD y WOULD. (¡Así que pon cuidado en distinguirlas!)
I’d (would) have told you if you’d (had) asked me.
c- Amenudo, podemos usar UNLESS en lugar de IF...NOT en cualquier tipo de condicional.
Come tomorrow if I don’t phone. = Come tomorrow unless I phone.
I wouldn't eat that food unless I were reallyhungry.
They would have shot her unless she'd given them the money. (Menos usada en este 3er tipo)
Pero, en algunos casos, el uso de UNLESS no es posible.
I’ll be surprised if he doesn’t havean accident.
* I’ll be surprised unless he has an accident. (¡Aquí no!)
DID YOU KNOW? IF ALL THE PEOPLE IN CHINA STOOD ON EACH OTHER’S SHOULDERS, THEY WOULD REACH TO THE MOON AND BACK TWICE!