Condicionales

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Conditional sentences


Zero Conditional: certainty

We use the so-called zero conditional when the result of the condition is always true, like a scientific fact.
Take some ice. Put it in a saucepan. Heat the saucepan. What happens? The ice melts (it becomes water). You would besurprised if it did not.
|IF |condition |result |
|  |present simple |present simple |
|If |you heat ice |it melts. |


Notice that we are thinking about a result that is always true for this condition. The result of the condition is an absolute certainty. We are not thinking about the future or the past, or even the present. Weare thinking about a simple fact. We use the present simple tense to talk about the condition. We also use the present simple tense to talk about the result. The important thing about the zero conditional is that the condition always has the same result.
We can also use when instead of if, for example: When I get up late I miss my bus.
Look at some more examples in the tables below:
|IF|condition |result |
|  |present simple |present simple |
|If |I miss the 8 o'clock bus |I am late for work. |
|If |I am late for work |my boss gets angry. |
|If |people don't eat |they get hungry. |
|If |you heat ice |does it melt? |


 
|result|IF |condition |
|present simple |  |present simple |
|I am late for work |if |I miss the 8 o'clock bus. |
|My boss gets angry |if |I am late for work. |
|People get hungry |if |they don't eat. |
|Does ice melt |if |you heat it? |


It ispossible to fulfill a condition which is given in the if-clause.

Form

|if clause |main clause |
|Simple Present |will-future |
| |or |
| |infinitive|
| |or |
| |Modal + infinitive |


Examples

|If I study, |I will pass the exams. |
|If you see John tonight, |tell him to e-mail me.|
|If Ben gets up early |he can catch the bus. |


The if-clause can be at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.
|If I study, |I will pass the exams. |
|I will pass the exams |if I study. |Use It is theoretically possible to fulfill a condition which is given in the if-clause.


Form

|if clause |main clause |
|Simple Past |would + infinitive |
| |or |
| |could +infinitive |
| |or |
| |might + infinitive |


Examples

|If I studied, |I would pass the exams. |
|If I studied, |I could pass the exams....