Human Rights & Torture

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Torture and Human rights
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Human rights in Latvia and in the world |

Miguel de la Rubia Rojo
26/10/2012
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Torture and human rights

Definition of the human rights

We understand human rights culture like the ethical political attitudes that are driven from the state and society to implement the three generations of human rights in the stabilization of political coexistence,social and cultural cooperation between citizens. For human rights cultures understand the rights of different social groups (indigenous, black communities, transient populations and migrants) to preserve their identity, autonomy and peace.
While culture is markedly regulatory rights for its intentionality, human rights cultures are decidedly different emancipatory for quality.
There are threedifferent generations of human rights :
First Generation (Civil and Political Rights)
Date back to 18th Century
Designed to protect the individual against state interference
* Right to vote
* Right to assemble
* Right to free speech
* Right to a fair trial
* Right to freedom from torture, abuse
* Right to protection of the law

Second Generation (Economic, Social andCultural Rights)
19th Century response to widespread poverty in wake of industrial revolution
Prohibit government from denying access, entitle individuals to get protection from state if third parties interfere with rights,oblige states to take measures to improve overall social situation.
* Right to education
* Right to housing
* Right to health
* Right to employment
* Rightto an adequate income
* Right to social security
Third Generation (Collective Rights)
First articulated in second half of the 20th Century
With exception of African Charter on Human and People's rights, have not been incorporated into human rights treaties yet
* Right to economic development
* Right to prosperity
* Right to benefit from economic growth
* Right to socialharmony
* Right to a healthy environment, clean air and water, etc.

Origins and historical development

Human rights are not a modern invention. The desire for a more justice, more free, more solidary has been a common aspiration that exists from humans.
The earliest documented appear in the Code of Hammurabi and the Egyptian Book of the Dead.
Later, Greek culture made a substantial advance,stating the birth of democracy and a new concept of human dignity.
At the same time, the Jewish people, and especially his prophets, make relevant statements to the powerful urge to act justly.
In another geographical area, but in the same time, we have the important contribution of Confucius, and a little later Buddha, with whom he also began to change the mentality and social practice in thefar East.
In the first years after Christ, there is another quantum leap with the Stoics and Christians.
Continuing with the Greek tradition insists on the idea of dignity and equality of humans.
In the Middle Ages (AD 610) Muhammad Islam begins to spread, which means humanizing the customs of North African societies. In Europe, during the Renaissance, a period during which emphasizes thedignity of the human being as the center of his thought, we examine the problem of religious freedom and achieved political and official recognition of tolerance as a basic principle of coexistence political and religious.
The discovery of America in 1492, but behaved great abuse and exploitation for Indians also meant for thought on some aspects, with contributions from Fray Bartolome de las Casas,or Indian laws themselves. This, without forgetting that the concern for the rights of people was also present in pre-Columbian cultures.
After a difficult seventeenth century in Europe, during which significantly deteriorated conditions life on the continent, the picture appeared, which enabled it to late eighteenth century (in 1789), was proclaimed in Paris the Declaration of the Rights of...