Los Mejores

American School

Fifth Grade Grammar Module

III Trimester





















Objectives:

Develope a knowledge and understanding of:
• the differences between spoken and written English;
• the factors that influence use of grammar and vocabulary in speech and writing;
• the different ways in which grammar has been described;
• the parts of speechin necessity for reading and communication;
• the uses of the different parts of speech in daily activities and communication.





Parts of Speech Overview




Nouns

A noun is a word that denotes a person, place, or thing. In a sentence, nouns answer the questions who and what.
Example: The dog ran after the ball.
In the sentence above, there are two nouns, dog and ball. Anoun may be concrete (something you can touch, see, etc.), like the nouns in the example above, or a noun may be abstract, as in the sentences below.
Example 1: She possesses integrity.
Example 2: He was searching for love.




Pronouns

A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun in a sentence.
Example: She decided to go to a movie.
In the sentence above, she is the pronoun. Likenouns, pronouns may be used either as subjects or as objects in a sentence.
Example: She planned to ask him for an interview.
In the example above, both she and him are pronouns; she is the subject of the sentence while him is the object. Every subject pronoun has a corresponding object form, as shown in the table below.
|Subject and Object Pronouns |
|Subject Pronouns|Object Pronouns |
|I |Me |
|We |Us |
|You |You |
|She |Her |
|He |Him |
|It |It |
|They |Them|


Articles

Articles include a, an, and the. They precede a noun or a noun phrase in a sentence.
Example 1: They wanted a house with a big porch.
Example 2: He bought the blue sweater on sale.




Adjectives

An adjective is a word that modifies, or describes, a noun or pronoun. Adjectives may precede nouns, or they may appear after a form of the reflexive verbto be (am, are, is, was, etc.).
Example 1: We live in the red brick house.
Example 2: She is tall for her age.




Verbs

A verb is a word that denotes action, or a state of being, in a sentence.
Example 1: Beth rides the bus every day.
Example 2: Paul was an avid reader.
In example 1, rides is the verb; it describes what the subject, Beth, does. In example 2, was describes Paul’s stateof being and is therefore the verb.
There may be multiple verbs in a sentence, or there may be a verb phrase consisting of a verb plus a helping verb.
Example 1: She turned the key and opened the door.
Example 2: Jackson was studying when I saw him last.
In example 1, the subject she performs two actions in the sentence, turnedand opened. In example 2, the verb phrase is was studying.Adverbs

Just as adjectives modify nouns, adverbs modify, or further describe, verbs. Adverbs may also modify adjectives. (Many, though not all, adverbs end in -ly.)
Example 1: He waved wildly to get her attention.
Example 2: The shirt he wore to the party was extremely bright.
In the first example, the adverb wildly modifies the verb waved. In the second example, theadverb extremely modifies the adjective bright, which describes the noun shirt. While nouns answer the questions who and what, adverbs answer the questions how, when, why, and where.




Conjunctions

A conjunction is a word that joins two independent clauses, or sentences, together.
Example 1: Ellen wanted to take a drive into the city, but the cost of gasoline was too high.
Example 2: Richard planned to...