Tecnologia Lummus Uop En Aspen
Páginas: 14 (3259 palabras)
Publicado: 30 de mayo de 2012
PRODUCTION OF ETHYLBENZENE FROM BENZENE AND ETHYLENE BY
LIQUID-PHASE ALKYLATION USING ZEOLITE CATALYSTS
Aspen Model Documentation
Index
•
Process Summary
•
About This Process
•
Process Definition
•
Process Conditions
•
Physical Property Models and Data
•
Chemistry/Kinetics
•
Key Parameters
•
Selected Simulation Results:
Blocks
Streams
•References
PEP Process Module
SRI Consulting
1
10/18/99
Process Summary
This Aspen Plus simulation models the production of ethylbenzene (EB) by liquid-phase benzene alkylation.
It is intended to resemble Lummus Crest/Unocal/UOP liquid-phase alkylation process that uses a zeolite catalyst
in both their alkylation and the transalkylation reactors, commercialized in 1989. In theAspen model, the plant
(base case) is designed to produce 1,150 million lb/yr (522,000 t/yr) of EB from benzene and ethylene. This
capacity is sufficient to supply feedstock for the production of 1,000 to 1,075 million lb/yr (454,000 to 488,000
t/yr) of styrene. The process consists of the alkylation and EB recovery sections. Results from the Aspen
simulation shows that the purity of EBobtained is approximately 99.9%. Vent gas (722 lb/hr) from a scrubber
reflux drum and residue (1,866 lb/hr) from the bottom of the polyethylbenzene column are used as fuel.
Wastewater (43 lb/hr) containing trace light paraffins, ethylene, benzene, and EB from the scrubber reflux drum is
sent to wastewater treatment.
PEP Process Module
SRI Consulting
2
10/18/99
About This Process
Mostcommercial ethylbenzene (EB) is produced from benzene and ethylene by vapor-phase or liquid-phase
alkylation. These reactions can be classified by catalyst type: zeolite-based or Lewis acid catalysts. These two
types of catalysts have different reaction mechanisms and also result in different by-products. The alkylation byproducts, mainly diethylbenzene, can be converted to EB bytransalkylation. In 1989, Lummus Crest/Unocal/UOP
commercialized a new liquid-phase alkylation process that uses a zeolite catalyst in both the alkylation and the
transalkylation reactors. Mobil/Badger introduced a third-generation vapor-phase alkylation process, with a
secondary reactor added and only one alkylation reactor required. Some of these processes allow the use of dilute
ethylene feedstock,although with modifications. The first commercial installation of a vapor-phase alkylation
process using dilute ethylene feedstock from fluidized catalytic cracking came on stream at Shell’s Stanlow plant
in 1991. Other noncommercial processes for EB production include the use of Catalyst Distillation Technologies’
(CDTECH’s) catalytic distillation process, benzene alkylation with ethanol, and4-vinylcyclohexene (VCH)
dehydrogenation. Table 1 provides a summary of the commercial processes for producing EB and their licensor.
TABLE 1. COMMERCIAL PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING EB
Process Type / Technology
Alkylation of benzene with ethylene:
Vapor-phase, zeolite-based
Liquid-phase, zeolite-based
Liquid-phase, AlCl3-based
Liquid-phase, AlCl3-based
Liquid-phase, AlCl3-based
Liquid-phase,BF3-based (AlkarTM)
Separation from C8 aromatics:
Distillation (superfractionation)
Extraction and purification
Liquid-phase adsorption
Licensor / Developer
Mobil/Badger
Lummus Crest/Unocal/UOP
Monsanto/Lummus Crest
Union Carbide/Badger
Petroflex
UOP
Badger
Eurotecnica
UOP
This Aspen simulation model the liquid-phase benzene alkylation using a zeolite catalyst, which is arelatively new process, developed by Lummus Crest/Unocal/UOP. The liquid-phase alkylation process uses a
zeolite catalyst that Union Oil of California (Unocal) developed for hydrocracking, later modifying it for EB
production (330770, 330773, 517045, 517088, 517090). Lummus Crest/Unocal/UOP commercialized the process
in 1989. Only one alkylation reactor is required because the catalyst needs to be...
LIQUID-PHASE ALKYLATION USING ZEOLITE CATALYSTS
Aspen Model Documentation
Index
•
Process Summary
•
About This Process
•
Process Definition
•
Process Conditions
•
Physical Property Models and Data
•
Chemistry/Kinetics
•
Key Parameters
•
Selected Simulation Results:
Blocks
Streams
•References
PEP Process Module
SRI Consulting
1
10/18/99
Process Summary
This Aspen Plus simulation models the production of ethylbenzene (EB) by liquid-phase benzene alkylation.
It is intended to resemble Lummus Crest/Unocal/UOP liquid-phase alkylation process that uses a zeolite catalyst
in both their alkylation and the transalkylation reactors, commercialized in 1989. In theAspen model, the plant
(base case) is designed to produce 1,150 million lb/yr (522,000 t/yr) of EB from benzene and ethylene. This
capacity is sufficient to supply feedstock for the production of 1,000 to 1,075 million lb/yr (454,000 to 488,000
t/yr) of styrene. The process consists of the alkylation and EB recovery sections. Results from the Aspen
simulation shows that the purity of EBobtained is approximately 99.9%. Vent gas (722 lb/hr) from a scrubber
reflux drum and residue (1,866 lb/hr) from the bottom of the polyethylbenzene column are used as fuel.
Wastewater (43 lb/hr) containing trace light paraffins, ethylene, benzene, and EB from the scrubber reflux drum is
sent to wastewater treatment.
PEP Process Module
SRI Consulting
2
10/18/99
About This Process
Mostcommercial ethylbenzene (EB) is produced from benzene and ethylene by vapor-phase or liquid-phase
alkylation. These reactions can be classified by catalyst type: zeolite-based or Lewis acid catalysts. These two
types of catalysts have different reaction mechanisms and also result in different by-products. The alkylation byproducts, mainly diethylbenzene, can be converted to EB bytransalkylation. In 1989, Lummus Crest/Unocal/UOP
commercialized a new liquid-phase alkylation process that uses a zeolite catalyst in both the alkylation and the
transalkylation reactors. Mobil/Badger introduced a third-generation vapor-phase alkylation process, with a
secondary reactor added and only one alkylation reactor required. Some of these processes allow the use of dilute
ethylene feedstock,although with modifications. The first commercial installation of a vapor-phase alkylation
process using dilute ethylene feedstock from fluidized catalytic cracking came on stream at Shell’s Stanlow plant
in 1991. Other noncommercial processes for EB production include the use of Catalyst Distillation Technologies’
(CDTECH’s) catalytic distillation process, benzene alkylation with ethanol, and4-vinylcyclohexene (VCH)
dehydrogenation. Table 1 provides a summary of the commercial processes for producing EB and their licensor.
TABLE 1. COMMERCIAL PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING EB
Process Type / Technology
Alkylation of benzene with ethylene:
Vapor-phase, zeolite-based
Liquid-phase, zeolite-based
Liquid-phase, AlCl3-based
Liquid-phase, AlCl3-based
Liquid-phase, AlCl3-based
Liquid-phase,BF3-based (AlkarTM)
Separation from C8 aromatics:
Distillation (superfractionation)
Extraction and purification
Liquid-phase adsorption
Licensor / Developer
Mobil/Badger
Lummus Crest/Unocal/UOP
Monsanto/Lummus Crest
Union Carbide/Badger
Petroflex
UOP
Badger
Eurotecnica
UOP
This Aspen simulation model the liquid-phase benzene alkylation using a zeolite catalyst, which is arelatively new process, developed by Lummus Crest/Unocal/UOP. The liquid-phase alkylation process uses a
zeolite catalyst that Union Oil of California (Unocal) developed for hydrocracking, later modifying it for EB
production (330770, 330773, 517045, 517088, 517090). Lummus Crest/Unocal/UOP commercialized the process
in 1989. Only one alkylation reactor is required because the catalyst needs to be...
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