Análisis ergonomico

II International Congress of Engineering and Technology, Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua Mexico, 33-40, 2009 Ciudad 3

CAUSES OF PHYSICAL FATIGUE I MA UFACTURI G OF AUSES AUTOMOTIVE JOI TS
J. L. Hernández Arellano1, K.G. Gómez Bull2, J. L. García Alcaraz2 and Susana Goytia Acevedo3 Departamento de Diseño Industrial Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez Av. Del Charro #610 norte Ciudad Juárez,Chihuahua México. Corresponding autor´s: luis_hernandez@uacj.mx
2 1

Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial y Manufactura Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez Av. Del Charro #610 norte Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua México.
3

Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya Av. Tecnológico S/N Celaya, Guanajuato.

Abstract: this article shows the ergonomic analysis of the areas ofpreparation of materials and production in a manufacturing company of automotive joints. The main problems of the company were the high incidence of rotation of personnel and the presence of muscle skeletal injuries, due to the company decided to realize an ergonomic diagnosis in order to identify the causes of physical fatigue in the workers. As first stage the areas of preparation of materialsand production were analyzed, because they are the areas with the major number of workers in the company. The methodology followed for the evaluation was used for the evaluation of works places in a company of FORD in Spain and method LEST of ergonomic evaluation. After the analysis, it was obtained that the main causes of fatigue were the noise, the thermal environment, static load and relationwith the head, all these factors obtained levels considered like fatigue causes. With the like knowledge on the causes that generate fatigue in the workers, a system of rotation of work places was implemented and all workers begun to use protection against the noise. Keywords: static load, noise, thermal environment, rota rotation of personnel, automotive joints.

1. I TRODUCCIÓ
Automotivejoints are used between the unions of two parties in order to prevent the contents (water, oil, fuel, gas) within parts pours through this union. The use of joints in car engines is of vital importance to proper operation. The departments where the survey was conducted were: preparation of materials and production, same as described below. Preparation of materials: In this department are cut rawmaterials for the measures set and are enabled materials according to the materials specifications of each component, as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Activities in D Department of Preparation of Materials

ISB 13 978-0-615-31650-5 5

Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez

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1.1 Description of the Work Area Production department has three areas that are described below.1.1.1 Manufacturing Here, the material prepared arrived ready to be cut and delivered with the specifications given in length, width and thickness required. The positions taken by the workers of this area are shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Activities in Manufacturing Area

1.1.2 Cleaning of Joints Once the product enters the manufacture area, it is taken to cleaning, where the flash retiresto him and the meet meeting is brushing, if the piece don`t needs special finishing (painting), assembles blocks of 25 pieces and they are sent to warehouse of components. The position of the feet of the workers is in figure 3.

Figure 3. Position of the Feet in Cleaning Joints

1.1.3 Painting In this area the joints are painted using machines, when this operation is finished and the jointsare dry, assemble packages nts of 25 pieces and they are sent to warehouse of components.

1.2 Similar Research The use of method LEST is reported in without number of publications where it has been used as it bases to obtain ergonomic diagnoses in work areas, generally of the industrial sector; Hernandez et al (2007), report a case where they al. used method LEST to obtain a diagnosis in the...