Children rights

Children´s Rights

Concept

Children's rights are the perceived human rights of children with particular attention to the rights of special protection and care afforded to the young[1], including their right to association with both biological parents, human identity as well as the basic needs for food, universal state-paid education, health care and criminal laws appropriate for the age anddevelopment of the child.[2]
According the Convention of the Right of the Child, child means every human being below the age of 18 years unless under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained earlier. Also in a juridical-criminal view, child it is understood as the process that a human being live since its born until they become adults[3].
Respect for human rights begins with theway society treats its children. A country can be judged by countless measures, but for many people the most significant are its treatment of children under eighteen years of age and the legal protection that society affords them.
The field of children's rights spans the fields of law, politics, religion, and morality; they are so wide and so open that every single act to protect human rightsalways involve the childhood.

Background
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is seen as a basis for all international legal standards for children's rights today. There are several conventions and laws that address children's rights around the world.
The General Assembly of the League of Nations meeting in Geneva adopted the Declaration of Children’s Rights in 1924 as championed byEglantyne Jebb who founded the Save the Children Fund, this was a firm decision taken to eradicate the social evils of child servitude, child labor, unmoral traffic and prostitution among children.
In 1959, it was expanded into the Declaration on the Rights of the Child, which was replaced in turn by the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) in 1989. This consisted of ten principles for workingin the best interests of the child. This was not legally binding, however, and was only a statement of intent. In this Declaration, every child irrespective of birth, sex, color, language, social origin, religion or political views shall be entitled to every right, equal with other fellow humans without nay discrimination and owing to his tender age and physical weakness every child shall beentitled to every social care and legal security, before and after his or her birth.[4]
The Convention on the Rights on the Child was based on the 1959 Declaration but added that poverty should be conceptualized as a denial of human rights. The Convention is the most widely signed treaty in the world, with only the US and Somalia failing to ratify, but according to many[5].
The United NationsConvention on the Rights of the Child is the only international law of human rights treaty to include civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, and sets out in detail what every child needs to have a safe, happy and fulfilled childhood.
The other international treaties or agreements that affect children include the Beijing Platform for Action (1995), highlighting the need to enddiscrimination against girls, the African Charter of Rights of the Child, the United Nation’s Declaration ‘A World Fit for Children’, goals and targets for improving children’s lives, and the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which include one to reduce child mortality and another to enroll all primary level children into school.
Child rights were born out of a broader idealistic human rightsdiscourse that gained prominence as part of the global drive to limit state power, strengthen democracy and civil liberties, and build ‘liberal’ states[6]. It was the State who try to improve them in their search for a better and equal place to live, by guarantying the basic rights that a child has and helping the way they can defend themselves from acts of injustice.
The United Nations...