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Southern English Speakers and dialects


First of all, we have to understand that English is a language that is one of the oldest languages on all over the world. With the British colonization, in United States arrived the English as language. Then, there were many variations that depend of the place that we could be.


It takes as references the Southern of the United States. In asense, there is no one dialect called "Southern". Instead, there are a number of regional dialects found across the Southern United States.


The Southern American English dialects are often stigmatized (as are other American English dialects such as New York-New Jersey English). Therefore, many speakers of this dialect sometimes attempt to eliminate many of its more distinctive featuresfrom their personal idiolect, settling for more "neutral-sounding" English, though more often this involves changes more in phonetics than vocabulary.


The following features are characteristic of older SAE, and the younger a speaker is the less likely he or she is to use these features:
Like Australian English and British English, the English of the coastal Deep South is historicallynon-rhotic: it drops the sound of final /r/ before a


consonant or a word boundary, so that guard sounds similar to god and sore like saw. Intrusive /r/ , where a /r/ sound is inserted at a word break between two vowel sounds ("lawr and order") is not a feature of coastal SAE, as it is in many other non-rhotic accents. Today only some areas like New Orleans, Mobile, and Norfolk have non-rhoticspeakers. Non-rhoticity is rapidly disappearing from almost all Southern accents, to a greater degree than it has been lost in the other traditionally non-rhotic dialects of the East Coast such as New York and Boston. The remaining non-rhotic SAE speakers also use intrusive r, like New England and New York City.
The distinction between /?r/ and /or/, as in horse and hoarse, for and four etc., ispreserved.
The wine-whine merger has not occurred, and these two words are pronunced with /w/ and /hw/ respectively.


Historically, words like due, lute, and new contained /ju?/, but Labov, Ash, and Boberg report that the only Southern speakers today who make a distinction use a diphthong /?u/ in such words. They further report that speakers with the distinction are found primarily in NorthCarolina and northwest South Carolina, and in a corridor extending from Jackson to Tallahassee.
The distinction between /ær/, /?r/, and /er/ in marry, merry, and Mary may be preserved by older speakers, but fewer young people make a distinction. The r-sound becomes almost a vowel, and may be elided after a long vowel, as it often is in AAVE.


Lax and tense vowels often merge before /l/,making pairs like feel/fill and fail/fell homophones for speakers in some areas of the South. Some speakers may distinguish between the two sets of words by reversing the normal vowel sound, e.g., feel in SAE may sound like fill, and vice versa The final 'l'-sound in words like fool may be elided altogether, as it normally is in AAVE
And the following features are also associated with SAE:
/z/becomes [d] before /n/, for example [w?dn?t] wasn't, [b?dn?s] business, but hasn't is sometimes still pronounced [hæz?nt] because there already exists a word hadn't pronounced [hæd?nt].
Many nouns are stressed on the first syllable that would be stressed on the second syllable in other accents. These include police, cement, Detroit, Thanksgiving, insurance, and behind.
The distinction between[?r] and [±?r] in furry and hurry is preserved.
In some regions of the south, there is a merger of /↵r/ and /?r/, making cord and card, for and far, form and farm etc. homonyms.
The distinction between /?r/ and /i?r/ in mirror and nearer, Sirius and serious etc. is preserved.
/i/ is replaced with /?/ at the end of a word, so that furry is pronounced as /f?r?/ ("furreh")
The distinction between...