Energía del oceano
Páginas: 7 (1589 palabras)
Publicado: 7 de marzo de 2011
Ocean Energy
by Hans Christian Soerensen, PhD vice-president EU-OEA
also director SPOK ApS chairman board Wave Dragon director C-Questor Group
Middelgrunden 40 MW last offshore wind project H. C. Soerensen
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
2
Ocean Energy Potential
• The theoretical global resource is estimated
to be in the order of:
– – – – 8,000 -80,000 TWh/year for wave energy; 800 TWh/year for tidal current energy; 2,000 TWh/year for salinity gradient energy; 10,000 TWh/year for ocean thermal energy
Worlds electricity consumption 17,000 TWh/year
Source: EC SET plan, World Energy Council, IPCC
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
3
The origin of Ocean Wave Energy
• Oceans cover 3/4 of earth’s surface •0.1% ocean renewable energy is equivalent to 5 times world demand • 50% of the worlds electricity consumption can be covered by wave energy
Source: EC Wave Net 2002 and World Energy Council
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
4
Wave energy technology maturity
• The state of the art of ocean energy sector
– Has matured significantly over the last 5 years –Stage of Development - Early Commercialization
• A number of large scale test installations are either
developed or under development today
Mutriku, Spain
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
5
Wave Energy Conversion Techniques
Heaving Devices Oscillating Water Column
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
6
State of the Art -Large Scale Demo OWC
OceanLynx, Australia 2004, 450 kW
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
OE Buoy, Ireland 2008, 15 kW
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
7
State of the Art - Large Scale Demo OWC
PICO Plant, Portugal 1999, 400kW
Low carbon Electricity Systems 2009
LIMPET, Wavegen, UK 2000, 500kW
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
8
State of the Art - Large Scale Demo - buoys
Wavebob,Ireland 2008, 15 kW
Power Buoy, USA 2005, 40kW
hsorensen@eu-oea.com 9
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
Wave Energy Conversion Techniques
Pitching Devices
Pelamis Wave Power Ltd, Scotland Tank tests in small scales (1:80, 1:35, 1:20) Open sea tests 1:7 (2001), 1:1 (2004), 750 kW scheme
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009 hsorensen@eu-oea.com 10
State of the Art - Large Scale DemoOyster, UK Peak Power 300-600 kW Wave Roller, Finland 2006, 13 kW
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009 hsorensen@eu-oea.com 11
State of the Art - Large Scale Demo
Wave Star Energy, Denmark 2007, 5.5 kW
Low carbon Electricity Systems 2009
FO3, Norway 2007, 50 kW
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
12
State of the Art - Large Scale Demo
Waves overtopping the doubly curved rampWaveDragon, Denmark 2003, 20 kW
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
13
State of the Art – Scaling Technologies
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
14
State of the Art – Wave Energy
Device Type
Leading Tech. 10 9 8 7
Number
Successive Devices
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 OWC Overtopping Floating Inertia Fixed Inertia
Low Carbon ElectricitySystems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
15
Wave energy resources
Annual average energy flux in MW per km of wave crest in the deep ocean
Waves are easy to forecast (6 days) Sea states are very stable Easy” integration in the electrical grid High energy density per m2
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009 hsorensen@eu-oea.com 16
US potential
Source: NREL Low Carbon Electricity Systems2009 hsorensen@eu-oea.com 17
Tidal Conversion Techniques
240 MW La Range, France 1966 100 MW China and 20 MW Canada
Potential DTI, UK, 2004 Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
Marine Current Turbine, UK Cornwall, 2003 hsorensen@eu-oea.com 18
Tidal Conversion Techniques
Stingray, UK 2004 Hammerfest, Norway, 2004
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
19...
by Hans Christian Soerensen, PhD vice-president EU-OEA
also director SPOK ApS chairman board Wave Dragon director C-Questor Group
Middelgrunden 40 MW last offshore wind project H. C. Soerensen
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
2
Ocean Energy Potential
• The theoretical global resource is estimated
to be in the order of:
– – – – 8,000 -80,000 TWh/year for wave energy; 800 TWh/year for tidal current energy; 2,000 TWh/year for salinity gradient energy; 10,000 TWh/year for ocean thermal energy
Worlds electricity consumption 17,000 TWh/year
Source: EC SET plan, World Energy Council, IPCC
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
3
The origin of Ocean Wave Energy
• Oceans cover 3/4 of earth’s surface •0.1% ocean renewable energy is equivalent to 5 times world demand • 50% of the worlds electricity consumption can be covered by wave energy
Source: EC Wave Net 2002 and World Energy Council
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
4
Wave energy technology maturity
• The state of the art of ocean energy sector
– Has matured significantly over the last 5 years –Stage of Development - Early Commercialization
• A number of large scale test installations are either
developed or under development today
Mutriku, Spain
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
5
Wave Energy Conversion Techniques
Heaving Devices Oscillating Water Column
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
6
State of the Art -Large Scale Demo OWC
OceanLynx, Australia 2004, 450 kW
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
OE Buoy, Ireland 2008, 15 kW
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
7
State of the Art - Large Scale Demo OWC
PICO Plant, Portugal 1999, 400kW
Low carbon Electricity Systems 2009
LIMPET, Wavegen, UK 2000, 500kW
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
8
State of the Art - Large Scale Demo - buoys
Wavebob,Ireland 2008, 15 kW
Power Buoy, USA 2005, 40kW
hsorensen@eu-oea.com 9
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
Wave Energy Conversion Techniques
Pitching Devices
Pelamis Wave Power Ltd, Scotland Tank tests in small scales (1:80, 1:35, 1:20) Open sea tests 1:7 (2001), 1:1 (2004), 750 kW scheme
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009 hsorensen@eu-oea.com 10
State of the Art - Large Scale DemoOyster, UK Peak Power 300-600 kW Wave Roller, Finland 2006, 13 kW
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009 hsorensen@eu-oea.com 11
State of the Art - Large Scale Demo
Wave Star Energy, Denmark 2007, 5.5 kW
Low carbon Electricity Systems 2009
FO3, Norway 2007, 50 kW
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
12
State of the Art - Large Scale Demo
Waves overtopping the doubly curved rampWaveDragon, Denmark 2003, 20 kW
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
13
State of the Art – Scaling Technologies
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
14
State of the Art – Wave Energy
Device Type
Leading Tech. 10 9 8 7
Number
Successive Devices
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 OWC Overtopping Floating Inertia Fixed Inertia
Low Carbon ElectricitySystems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
15
Wave energy resources
Annual average energy flux in MW per km of wave crest in the deep ocean
Waves are easy to forecast (6 days) Sea states are very stable Easy” integration in the electrical grid High energy density per m2
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009 hsorensen@eu-oea.com 16
US potential
Source: NREL Low Carbon Electricity Systems2009 hsorensen@eu-oea.com 17
Tidal Conversion Techniques
240 MW La Range, France 1966 100 MW China and 20 MW Canada
Potential DTI, UK, 2004 Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
Marine Current Turbine, UK Cornwall, 2003 hsorensen@eu-oea.com 18
Tidal Conversion Techniques
Stingray, UK 2004 Hammerfest, Norway, 2004
Low Carbon Electricity Systems 2009
hsorensen@eu-oea.com
19...
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