Funda pip

PIPING HANDBOOK
Mohinder L. Nayyar, P.E.
ASME Fellow
The sixth edition of this Handbook was edited by

Mohindar L. Nayyar, P.E.
The fifth edition of this Handbook was edited by

Reno C. King, B.M.E, M.M.E., D.Sc., P.E.
Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Assistant Dean, School of Engineering and Science, New York University Registered Professional Engineer The first four editions ofthis Handbook were edited by

Sabin Crocker, M.E.
Fellow, ASME: Registered Professional Engineer

Seventh Edition

MCGRAW-HILL
New York San Francisco Washington, D.C. Auckland Bogota ´ Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi San Juan Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nayyar, Mohinder L. Piping handbook / [editedby] Mohinder L. Nayyar.—7th ed. p. cm. ISBN 0-07-047106-1 1. Pipe—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Pipe-fitting—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Nayyar, Mohinder L.

McGraw-Hill
Copyright  2000, 1992, 1967 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may bereproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a data base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyright  1930, 1931, 1939, 1945 by McGraw-Hill, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyright renewed 1973, 67, and 59 by Sabin Crocker. All rights reserved. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 DOC/DOC 9 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 ISBN 0-07-047106-1 The sponsoring editor for this book was Linda Ludewig, the editing supervisor was Peggy Lamb, and the production supervisor was SherriSouffrance. This book was set in Times Roman by the PRD Group. Printed and bound by R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company.

Information contained in this work has been obtained by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (‘‘McGraw-Hill’’) from sources believed to be reliable. However, neither McGraw-Hill nor its authors guarantees the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein and neither McGraw-Hillnor its authors shall be responsible for any errors, omissions, or damages arising out of use of this information. This work is published with the understanding that McGraw-Hill and its authors are supplying information but are not attempting to render engineering or other professional services. Is such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be sought.

Thisbook is printed on acid-free paper

HONORS LIST
CONTRIBUTORS
Robert B. Adams, President & CEO, Expansion Seal Technologies, 334 Godshall Drive, Harleysville, PA 19438-2008 (CHAP. B14) Charles L. Arnold, Principal Pipeline Consultant, 716 Hillside Avenue, Albany, CA 94706
(CHAP. C5)

Joel E. Aschenbrand, James S. Merritt Company, Lizell Building, Suite 202, P. O. Box 707, Montgomeryville,PA 18936-0707 (CHAP. C14) Daniel R. Avery, Technical Marketing Manager, Wyman-Gordon Forgings, Inc., Cameron Forged Product Division, P. O. Box 40456, Houston, TX 77240-0456 (CHAP. A5) Dr. Chakrapani Basavaraju, Engineering Specialist, Bechtel Corporation, 5275 Westview Drive, Frederick, MD 21703 (CHAP. B4 AND APPS. E2 AND E2M) Dr. Hans D. Baumann, Fisher Controls International, Inc., Portsmouth,NH 03801 (CHAP. A10) A. R. Belair, PRAXAIR, Inc., 175 East Park Drive, P.O. Box 44, Tonawanda, NY 141502053 (CHAP. C8) Paul A. Bourquin, Formerly Senior Vice President, Wolff & Munier, Inc., 50 Broadway, Hawthorne, NY 10532 (CHAP. C4) Thomas J. Bowling, P.E., Manager, Pipe Repair Product Line, Team Environmental Services, Inc., Alvin, TX 77512 (CHAP. B14) Gordon Britton, President, Integra...