Gestion Del Conocimiento
Páginas: 42 (10361 palabras)
Publicado: 1 de julio de 2012
turban_tutor05_W183-W199-hr
29-01-2009
11:25
Page W-183
Tutorial
5
Knowledge Management
Content
T5.1 T5.2 T5.3 T5.4 T5.5 T5.6
Introduction Knowledge Management Activities Approaches to Knowledge Management Knowledge Management Products and Vendors Roles of People in Knowledge Management Ensuring the Success of Knowledge Management Efforts
W-183 turban_tutor05_W183-W199-hr
29-01-2009
11:25
Page W-184
W-184
Tutorial 5 Knowledge Management
T5.1 Introduction
An ability to act is an integral part of being knowledgeable. For example, two people in the same context with the same information may not have the same ability to use the information to the same degree of success. Hence there is a difference in the human capability to add value. Thedifferences in ability may be due to differences in experiences, training, perspectives, and so on. While data, information, and knowledge may all be viewed as assets of an organization, knowledge provides a higher level of meaning about data and information. It conveys meaning, and hence tends to be much more valuable, yet more ephemeral. There is a vast amount of literature about what knowledge andknowing means in epistemology (study of the nature of knowledge), the social sciences, philosophy, and psychology. Though there is no single definition of what knowledge and knowledge management (KM) specifically mean, the business perspective on them is fairly pragmatic. Information as a resource is not always valuable (i.e., information overload can distract from the important); knowledge is aresource when it is clear, relevant, and important to an individual processing the knowledge (Holsapple, 2003). Knowledge implies an implicit understanding and experience that can discriminate between its use and misuse. Over time, information accumulates and decays, while knowledge evolves. The word knowledge tends to carry positive connotations. However, because knowledge is dynamic in nature,today’s knowledge may well become tomorrow’s ignorance if an individual or organization fails to update knowledge as environmental conditions change. Explicit knowledge is the policies, procedural guides, white papers, reports, designs, products, strategies, goals, mission, and core competencies of the enterprise and the information technology infrastructure. It is the knowledge that has been codified(documented) in a form that can be distributed to others or transformed into a process or strategy without requiring interpersonal interaction. Explicit knowledge has also been called leaky knowledge because of the ease with which it can leave an individual, document, or the organization, after it has been documented. Tacit knowledge is the cumulative store of the experiences, mental maps,insights, acumen, expertise, know-how, trade secrets, skill sets, and learning that an organization has, as well as the organizational culture that has embedded in it the past and present experiences of the organization’s people, processes, and values. Tacit knowledge, also referred to as embedded knowledge, is usually either localized within the brain of an individual or embedded in the groupinteractions within a department or a branch office. Tacit knowledge typically involves expertise or high skill levels. It is generally slow and costly to transfer and can be plagued by ambiguity. Sometimes tacit knowledge is easily documentable but has remained tacit simply because the individual housing the knowledge does not recognize its potential value to other individuals. Other times, tacit knowledgeis unstructured, without tangible form, and therefore difficult to codify.It is frequently difficult to put some tacit knowledge into words.For example,an explanation of how to ride a bicycle would be difficult to document explicitly, and thus is tacit.Tacit knowledge also has been called sticky knowledge because it may be relatively difficult to pull it away from its source. Intangibles such as...
29-01-2009
11:25
Page W-183
Tutorial
5
Knowledge Management
Content
T5.1 T5.2 T5.3 T5.4 T5.5 T5.6
Introduction Knowledge Management Activities Approaches to Knowledge Management Knowledge Management Products and Vendors Roles of People in Knowledge Management Ensuring the Success of Knowledge Management Efforts
W-183 turban_tutor05_W183-W199-hr
29-01-2009
11:25
Page W-184
W-184
Tutorial 5 Knowledge Management
T5.1 Introduction
An ability to act is an integral part of being knowledgeable. For example, two people in the same context with the same information may not have the same ability to use the information to the same degree of success. Hence there is a difference in the human capability to add value. Thedifferences in ability may be due to differences in experiences, training, perspectives, and so on. While data, information, and knowledge may all be viewed as assets of an organization, knowledge provides a higher level of meaning about data and information. It conveys meaning, and hence tends to be much more valuable, yet more ephemeral. There is a vast amount of literature about what knowledge andknowing means in epistemology (study of the nature of knowledge), the social sciences, philosophy, and psychology. Though there is no single definition of what knowledge and knowledge management (KM) specifically mean, the business perspective on them is fairly pragmatic. Information as a resource is not always valuable (i.e., information overload can distract from the important); knowledge is aresource when it is clear, relevant, and important to an individual processing the knowledge (Holsapple, 2003). Knowledge implies an implicit understanding and experience that can discriminate between its use and misuse. Over time, information accumulates and decays, while knowledge evolves. The word knowledge tends to carry positive connotations. However, because knowledge is dynamic in nature,today’s knowledge may well become tomorrow’s ignorance if an individual or organization fails to update knowledge as environmental conditions change. Explicit knowledge is the policies, procedural guides, white papers, reports, designs, products, strategies, goals, mission, and core competencies of the enterprise and the information technology infrastructure. It is the knowledge that has been codified(documented) in a form that can be distributed to others or transformed into a process or strategy without requiring interpersonal interaction. Explicit knowledge has also been called leaky knowledge because of the ease with which it can leave an individual, document, or the organization, after it has been documented. Tacit knowledge is the cumulative store of the experiences, mental maps,insights, acumen, expertise, know-how, trade secrets, skill sets, and learning that an organization has, as well as the organizational culture that has embedded in it the past and present experiences of the organization’s people, processes, and values. Tacit knowledge, also referred to as embedded knowledge, is usually either localized within the brain of an individual or embedded in the groupinteractions within a department or a branch office. Tacit knowledge typically involves expertise or high skill levels. It is generally slow and costly to transfer and can be plagued by ambiguity. Sometimes tacit knowledge is easily documentable but has remained tacit simply because the individual housing the knowledge does not recognize its potential value to other individuals. Other times, tacit knowledgeis unstructured, without tangible form, and therefore difficult to codify.It is frequently difficult to put some tacit knowledge into words.For example,an explanation of how to ride a bicycle would be difficult to document explicitly, and thus is tacit.Tacit knowledge also has been called sticky knowledge because it may be relatively difficult to pull it away from its source. Intangibles such as...
Leer documento completo
Regístrate para leer el documento completo.