Hegemony And Transculturation

Hegemony and Transculturation
Starting with the meaning of each term, hegemony (power) is a domination of those at the bottom of the social scale by consent; it contrasts with control by violentforce. It can be called “brain washer” also. Transculturation in the other hand is a “give and take”, especially in the city where Iberians lived.
Iberians in the colonization time brought with themnot only their mentality but also religion, language and customs. This cultural exchange beneficed not only Iberians but also indigenous and Africans. They learn and adapted their Iberian ideas andreligion.
The hegemonic had forces such as: religion (the church was the European control; church controlled educational institutions; church calendar had control of daily life; towns and cities hadsaints names), patriarchy (Fathers ruled earth and heaven, cities and families; Iberians ideas of honor controlled the lives of men and women; for women, honor state avoiding extramarital contact withmen; but for poor women that was impossible because they had to work at market and there were seen as no honorable ladies).
A great example of hegemony in Chasteen book: is the case of Sor Juana Inesde la Cruz; she wanted to attend to the University of Mexico. She was qualified to attend because she started reading at the age of three, learned Latin by herself; she stumped a jury of Universityprofessors at the age of seventeen. But women in the new world had limited options it was either married or be a nun. During her time in the convent she became an intellectual woman.
Intransculturation cultures developed from the contact of Europeans, African and indigenous. People on top give more and people on bottom give less. Religion again is a great example in the case of Virgin ofGuadalupe appeared to the Aztecs and they know her as Tonantzin, she was a dark face and speaks Nahuatl. Transculturation happened more in cities, slaves were known as city-dwellers and the slaves in rural...