Hola

1. Factors that make a person susceptible to HIV include people who share needles (for drugs or insulin) and people who have unprotected sex with people who have HIV/AIDS as well as people whose HIV status is unknown. Also, babies in the womb of a mother who has HIV are far more susceptible than babies who aren’t, especially if the mother doesn’t take preventative drugs. Breast milk behavioralImmune deficient, another STD, TB, malaria etc physiological blood transfusions

2. Some of the misconceptions about how HIV can be transmitted include through a person’s saliva and through casual contact.

3. If someone is HIV-positive, it means that they have tested positive for the virus that causes AIDS. This is different from a diagnosis of AIDS because in order for someone tobe diagnosed with AIDS, they have to have a cell count 200 or fewer T-4 cells and have to have had one or more of the opportunistic infections due to AIDS infection.

4. Viral integration into host DNA happens when HIV DNA enter the host’s cellular nucleus. In the nucleus, an enzyme of HIV called integrase conceals the HIV DNA inside of the host’s own DNA. After this occurs, the HIV DNA iscalled a provirus and can stay inactive for multiple years. Implications that this can have on diagnosis and treatment are pretty simple. If it is inactive, then the host isn’t exhibiting any symptoms. Therefore, the doctors don’t know to check for it and a diagnosis won’t be able to be given because nothing will appear to be wrong. Meanwhile, this carrier host could be infecting numerousother people with the virus unknowingly. Furthermore, once it is discovered, it may be harder to treat because it has had more time to adapt to its new environment and infect the host.

5. Types of treatments that are available for HIV and AIDS are reverse transcriptase inhibitors which stop the virus from making copies in the early stage, protease inhibitors which stop the virus from makingcopies of itself in a later stage, and fusion inhibitors which block the ability of HIV to enter and infect human immune cells. There isn’t a single best treatment because since HIV can becomen resistant to any of the drugs, a combination of them must be used to effectively suppress the virus. Furthermore, even though there are many benefits to this regimen, there are also many severe side effectsof the antiviral drugs including, but not limited to, a decrease in RBC’s and WBC’s as well as inflammation of the pancreas or painful nerve damage.

Column One:
Effective HIV Treatment and Employment of HIV+ Individuals by Dana P. Goldman†, Yuhua Bao. Article first published online: 8 NOV 2004

Column Two:
Does highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) help
HIV-infected patientsreturn to work, remain employed, and maintain
hours of work?

Column Three:
They considered the effect of HAART on three employment outcomes: (1) returning
to work within six months of treatment, conditional on not working
pretreatment; (2) remaining employed within six months of treatment,
conditional on working pretreatment; (3) hours of work conditional on
working at the secondfollow-up survey. They used a bivariate probit model, which jointly modeled treatment and employment
with HAART for the 1st two outcomes and the two-stage least squares
method for hours of work.
They used a multistage sampling frame. The baseline survey interviewed 2,864
patients between January 1996 and April 1997. Follow-up interviews occurred between December 1996 and July 1997 as well asbetween August 1997
and January 1998. Sample sizes for the 2nd and 3rd waves are
2,466 and 2,267 with virtually all the attrition due to
mortality.

Column Four:
The randomly sampled people from the population who had HIV/AIDS and interviewed them about their hours of work schooling and other relevant information. Each person’s own personal doctor selected their dosage and combination of...