Jane Eyre

1) The Brontes lived in Thorton up to 1820, when they moved to Haworth W.Yorkshire. In 1831, charlotte worked at a school in Mirfiel and returned in a year.
2) England in the early years of the nineteenth century was still predominantly rural. The typical community was the village with its parson and squire (local landed propietor). Land was that counted in terms of power and prestige. Bye theyear of Waterloo, industry was growing rapidly and more and more communities became large slums. Steam-Driven machinery was installed in Yorkshire, the traditional wool industry began to feel the effects of the Industrial Revolution. Side by side with mechanized industry came better transportations. The roads had been greatlyimproved and the construction of canals begun.In 1825,the first railwaywas built. The great iron web was spreading all over the land, taking new thoughts and new ideas as well as ned goods wherever it went.
3) Thought Charlotte and Emily Bronte were in advance of their time in their independent habits of mind, they liked to place their stories in the past. The chapter of “Wuthering Heights” is dated 1802, and the main action of the story begins a generation beforethat.Charlotte’s shirley deals with theludite riots- outbreaks of maching-smashig by unemployed factory workers- which took place during the Napoleonic wars before the turn of the century, or so we would conclude from the reference to Sir Walter Scott’s Marmion in chapter 32,which published in 1808, is there described as a “new york”, and Jane is about nineteen when St John Rivers gives it to her.4) The mill-owners and mine-owners of the industrial age. As they gained in financial strength in their communities, they began to demand political power. The reform billof 1832 gave this group the vote. They began to complete with the old landed gentry to improve themselves generally. We see an old landed family and a member of the nouveau riche side by side in jane eyre, for while St JohnRivers is a member of an oldfamily, it is Mr Oliver, the taciturn needle manufacturer, who has the money. One of the ways in which the mill-owning families strove to improve themselves was by providing a good education for their children. In Yorkshire, many families now had enough money to hire governesses and tutors for their children or to send them to school, if they so desired. There were manyimpoverished gentlewomen for whom being a governess was the one respectable career open to them. It was in this economic and social situation that girls of good background began to go out to work.
Their position was indeed often an uncomfotable one, as Charlotte and Anne both felt. They were of a higher class than the servants and yet not on a level with the family, they often suffered fromloleliness and humiliation. They were also extremely poorly paid. When she was a teacher in a boarding school, Charlotte herself wrote that when she had paid her expenses and bought clothes for herself and Anne, she had nothing left.
5 ) The church of England or Anglican church was the established church of England, it received financial support from the state and had essential ties with thecrown and parliament. The reverend Patrick Bronte, the father of the Brontes, was an Anglican clergyman.Other protestant bodies, which did not enjoy this connection with the state, were called “nonconformists” or “dissenters”.The methodists, the Baptists, and the Congregationalists. Roman Catholics were a small minority and widely feared and disliked. During the eighteenth century, the church ofEngland was in a state of spiritual destitution. It was substantially controlled by the conservative landowning gentry, whose younger sons frequently held livings in the church, lacked any real sense of vocation, and left their parish duties to their overworked subordinates. Large sections of the poorer classes,were out of touch with the church altogether
6 ) The brothers John and...