Linguistica

PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL ECUADOR

SEDE – IBARRA

NAME: Joselyn Morales N.

DATE: March 15th, 2012.

LINGUISTICS

1. What is the definition of language?




Thereare some of the characteristics of human language. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.




2. What is linguistics?




Linguistics is thescience that studies the language and its structure.




3. What is:







• Phonetics: This is the study of the physical properties of speech production and perception.• Phonology: This is the study of sounds or sung as discrete, abstract elements in the speakers mind that distinguish meaning.



• Syntax: This is the study of how words combine to formgrammatical sentences.



• Semantics: This is the study of the meaning words and fixes word combinations and how these combine to form the meaning of sentences.



• Psycholinguistics:This is the study of the psychological and neurobiological factors that enable humans to acquire, use, comprehend and produce language.







• Pragmatics: This is the study of howutterances are used in communicative ads, and the role played by context and nonlinguistic knowledge in the transmission of meaning.




• Synchrony: A synchronic relationship is one where twosimilar things exist at the same time. Modern American English and British English have a synchronic relationship.



• Diachrony: Diachrony is the change in the meaning of words over time. Adiachronic relationship is where related things exist separated by time. 12th century English and 21st century English have a diachronic relationship.



• Language system: We may observe that alanguage must be systematic, for otherwise it could not be learned or used consistently. It contains two systems rather than one, a system of sound and a system of meanings. Only certain sounds are...