Nazism, the common short form name of National Socialism (German[->0]: Nationalsozialismus) was the ideology[->1] and practice of the Nazi Party[->2] and of Nazi Germany[->3].[1]HYPERLINK \l"cite_note-1"[2]HYPERLINK \l "cite_note-2"[3]HYPERLINK \l "cite_note-payne1995a-3"[4] It is a unique variety of fascism[->4] that incorporates biological racism[->5] and antisemitism[->6].[5] Nazism wasfounded out of elements of the far-right[->7] racist[->8] völkisch[->9] German nationalist[->10] movement and the violent anti-communist[->11] Freikorps[->12] paramilitary[->13] culture that foughtagainst the uprisings of communist revolutionaries[->14] in post-World War I[->15] Germany[->16].[6] The ideology was developed first by Anton Drexler[->17] and then Adolf Hitler[->18] as a means to drawworkers away from communism[->19] and into völkisch nationalism.[7] Initially Nazi political strategy focused on anti-big business[->20], anti-bourgeois[->21], and anti-capitalist[->22] rhetoric,though such aspects were later downplayed in the 1930s to gain the support from industrial owners for the Nazis; focus was shifted to anti-Semitic and anti-Marxist themes.[8] Nazism promoted politicalviolence[->23], militarism[->24], and war[->25], it conceived of politics as being a "battle", and the Nazis utilized their paramilitary organization, the Sturmabteilung[->26] (SA) for violent attacksupon those they opposed, particularly communists, Jews, and social democrats[->27].[9] Hitler and the Nazis openly promoted German territorial expansionism[->28] into Eastern Europe[->29] to beLebensraum[->30] ("living space") for German settlers and assimilation of Germanic peoples into Germans that would result in the creation of a "Greater Germanic Realm of the German Nation[->31]".[10]
Nazismadvocated the supremacy of the claimed Aryan[->32] master race[->33] over all other races[->34].[11] Nazis viewed the progress of humanity as depending on the Aryans and believed that it could...
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