Nueva Zelanda

New Zealand
New Zealand or New Zealand is an insular country of Oceania that is located in the southwest of the Pacific Ocean formed by two big islands: the Island North and the Island South, close to other minor islands, being outlined between them the Island Stewart and the Islands Chatham. The Kingdom of New Zealand also includes to the Islands Cook and Niue (autonomous States in freeassociation); Tokelau and the Dependence Ross (territorial claim in the Antarctica).
New Zealand, notable for his geographical isolation, is placed to near 2.000 kilometers to the south-east of Australia in the sea of Tasmania, and his more nearby neighbors in the northern part are New Caledonia, Fiyi and Tonga. Due to this long isolation, in the country there developed an endemic fauna dominated bythe birds, many of which went out after the arrival of the human beings and the mammals that introduced. Most of the New Zealand population is of European ancestry; the aborigens Maoris are the most numerous minority. The Asians and the Polynesians also are significant minorities, specially in the urban zones. Though it has three official languages, most spoken it is the Englishman. His citiesconstant place between those of better quality of life in the world
Etymology
The maoríes refer to the island North as Te Ika a Maui (Maui's fish) and to the Island South as Te wai pounamu (the waters of green stone) or You Waka or Aoraki (Aoraki's canoe). Until beginning of the 20th century, the Island North was known also as Aotearoa (colloquial translated as "land of the great white cloud "); inthe modern maorí, this name refers to the whole country. Aotearoa is used also in this respect in the Englishman of New Zealand, where it can be used for yes only or cocktail with the name in English, Aotearoa New Zealand.
The first European name for New Zealand was Staaten Land, name given by the Dutch explorer Abel Tasman, who, in 1642, turned into the European first in seeing the islands.Tasman assumed that it was a part of the austral continent “discovered by Jacob Le Maire in 1615, opposite to the southern top of South America. This one also had been nominated Staten Landt, which means "Land of the general (Dutch) States ".

Map of 1657 that shows the western coast of Nongoes zeelandia.

The name of New Zealand originated with the Dutch cartographers, who called to theseislands Nova zeelandia, in honor to Zeeland's Dutch province, (in Spanish, Zealand). there is not clear exactly the one who coined the term "New Zealand", but it appeared for the first time in 1645 and it can have be chosen by the cartographer Joan Blaeu. In Spanish, the names "New Zealand" (used in Spain) and "New Zealand" (more used in Latin America) they have the same validity
History
Accessionspolinesios
Nueva Zealand is one of the masses of land more recently populated. The first known settlers were the Polynesians that, in agreement with the majority of the investigators, Some investigators came in canoe between the year 1250 and 1300 A.D. they suggest that in 150 A.D. another immigrants' wave existed; years later these inhabitants died or left the islands. Throughout the followingcenturies, the immigrant Polynesians created a different culture, now known like maorí. The population was dividing in iwi (tribes) and hapu (subtribes) who were cooperating, they were competing and, in occasions, were fighting between yes. In some moment, a group maorí emigrated to the Islands Chatham, where they developed a different culture, the moriori.
European explorers
The first Europeanswho came to New Zealand were the Dutch explorer Abel Tasman and his crew in 1642. [18] The maoríes killed four crewmen and no European returned to New Zealand up to the trip of the exploratory Englishman James Cook. [18] In 1769, Cook came to New Zealand and explored almost the whole coast. After Cook, the New Zealand territory was visited by numerous hunters of whales and seals and commercial...