Ovario

Páginas: 6 (1494 palabras) Publicado: 9 de abril de 2011
FOLIA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOBIOLOGICA Vol. 45, No. 4, 2007 pp. 325-330

The localization of estrogen receptor α and its function in the ovaries of postmenopausal women
Agnieszka Brodowska1, Maria Laszczyñska2, Andrzej Starczewski1, Beata Karakiewicz3, Jacek Brodowski3
1Department

of Reproduction and Gynaecology, 2Laboratory of Embryology, 3Laboratory of Family Nursing, Pomeranian MedicalUniversity, Szczecin, Poland

Abstract: The localization of estrogen receptor α (ERα) in the ovaries of postmenopausal women is a very up-to-date topic in the aspect of using estrogens therapy in the clinical situations of different type. In ovaries of reproductive age women ERα is present in ovary stroma, theca and granulosa cells, ovary surface epithelium (OSE) and in corpus luteum. The ovariesof postmenopausal women are smaller than those of women at the reproductive age, the division into cortex and medulla gets blurred, the ovaries have no follicles any longer, and the stroma is mainly composed of fibrous connective tissue, corpora albicantia, nerves, and blood and lymphatic vessels. The aim of our study was to investigate the immunolocalization and immunoexpression of ERα in theovaries of postmenopausal women. The study involved 50 postmenopausal women who had their ovaries removed by laparotomy due to non-neoplastic diseases of the uterus. The women were divided into 3 groups (A, B, and C) depending on the time that had passed since the last menstruation. Group A consisted of women who had their last menstruation no more than 5 years earlier, in group B menopause occurred 5to 10 years earlier, group C was composed of patients who had the last menstruation over 10 years earlier. In all the patients concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing stimulating hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), androstendione (A) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) in blood plasma were measured. Ovarian tissue was obtained during surgery. Formorphological studies, ovaries were fixed in Bouin`s solution and 4% formalin and embedded in paraffin. Morphological analysis was carried out after hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Comparing to groups A and B, the ovaries in group C contained a small number of corpora albicantia located in the medullary part as well as thinned blood vessels and few lymphatic vessels and nerves. Forimmunoohistochemical expression of ERα paraffin-embedded specimens fixed in 4% buffered formalin were used. The sections were next incubated with monoclonal mouse anti-human ERα antibody (N 1575 Dako, Denmark). Immunohistochemical nuclear expression of ERα in OSE, in epithelial inclusion cysts, in stroma, and in group A also cytoplasmic expression of ERα in luteal and paraluteal cells of disappearing corpus luteumwere revealed. Immunohistochemical expression of ERα seems to decrease in the ovaries of women after menopause. Key words: Ovary - Estrogen receptor α - Menopause - Women

Introduction
The use of the estrogen or estroprogestin replacement therapy in female diseases of different type is a very up-to-date subject. Advantages and complications of this therapy are considered with reference to thedistribution of estrogen receptors in particular tissues, and the function that estrogens fulfil in a female organism. Estrogen receptors (ERs) in women are usually found in the female reproductive system (ovaries, FalCorrespondence: M. Laszczyñska, Laboratory of Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, ¯o³nierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; tel.: (091-4800910), fax.: (091-4800905), e-mail:laszcz@sci.pam.szczecin.pl

lopian tube, uterus, vagina), blood vessels, nervous system, bones, breast, intestines, immune system cells, and adrenal glands [1-7]. The following are regarded as the most common estrogen dependent diseases: osteoporosis, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance, lupus erythematosus, endometriosis, obesity and breast, ovarian, colorectal...
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