parcial 1 ingles II UBP

A) READING COMPREHENSION (Answers must be given in Spanish)

Read the following text
Biodiversity
Biodiversity is the variety and variability of life on Earth. This includes all of the plants and animals that live and grow on the Earth, all of the habitats that they call home, and all of the natural processes of which they are a part. The earth supports an incredible array ofbiodiversity-from Thailand’s tiny bumblebee bat to the ocean’s great blue whale-with plants and animals of all shapes and sizes in between.
 
This fantastic variety of life is found in diverse habitats ranging from the hottest desert to tropical rainforests to the arctic tundra. Biodiversity is essential to every aspect of the way that humans live around the world. Plants and animals provide people with foodand medicine, trees play an important role in absorbing greenhouse gases and cleaning the air we breathe, and rivers and watersheds provide the clean water that we drink. 

Unfortunately, the earth’s biodiversity is disappearing, with an estimated 1,000 species per year becoming extinct. Conserving biodiversity is especially crucial in developing countries where people’s livelihoods are directlydependent on natural resources such as forests, fisheries and wildlife. 
In recognition of the importance of biodiversity, USAID has made biodiversity conservation a key goal under its program to protect the environment. USAID is supporting conservation activities in more than 50 countries, seeking to maintain the variety of species and the habitats in which they occur. 
USAID is working withcommunities, non-governmental organizations, and governments to develop environmental policies and management practices that conserve biodiversity and, at the same time, sustain local livelihoods. This can involve empowering communities to become stronger actors in the management of resources. USAID also invests in building the capacity of foreign governments, non-governmental organizations, andcommunities to better manage protected areas. In addition, USAID is promoting enterprise-based conservation initiatives (such as eco-tourism), which provide economic benefits from the preservation of biological resources. To complement these activities, USAID fosters greater public awareness of conservation issues by supporting the development of outreach and environmental education programs.
Answerthe following questions according to the information in the text. (10.4=40 ptos.)
1) ¿Qué hace la USAID para complementar sus actividades? En reconocimiento a la importancia de diversidad biológica, USAID ha hecho la conservación de diversidad biológica un objetivo clave conforme a su programa para proteger el entorno. USAID apoya actividades de conservación en más de 50 países, procurandomantener la variedad de especie y los hábitats en los cuales ellos ocurren.

2) ¿Por qué es esencial la conservación de la biodiversidad en los países en vías de desarrollo? La diversidad biológica es esencial a cada aspecto del camino que la gente vive en el mundo entero. Las plantas y animales proveen de la gente del alimento y la medicina, los árboles juegan un papel importante en la absorción degases invernaderos y limpieza del aire que respiramos, y ríos y las líneas divisorias de aguas proporcionan el agua limpia que bebemos.

3) ¿Cómo considera la USAID a la biodiversidad en su programa? USAID ha hecho la conservación de diversidad biológica un objetivo clave conforme a su programa para proteger el entorno. USAID apoya actividades de conservación en más de 50 países, procurandomantener la variedad de especie y los hábitats en los cuales ellos ocurren.

4) ¿Quiénes tienen por objetivo el desarrollo de políticas ambientales y prácticas administrativas que conserven la biodiversidad? USAID trabaja con comunidades, organizaciones no gubernamentales, y gobiernos para desarrollar políticas medioambientales y prácticas de dirección que conservan la diversidad biológica y, al...