Preguntas Hiv Inglés

1- HIV stands for 'human immunodeficiency virus'
2- It infects cells of the human immune system and destroys or impairs their function.
3- It has the role of fight off infections and diseases.
4- AIDS stands for ‘acquired immunodeficiency syndrome’
5- Some people at the time of seroconversion develop “Acute retroviral syndrome” which is a glandular fever-like illness with fever, rash, jointpains and enlarged lymph nodes.
6- No, most people infected with HIV do not know that they have become infected, because they do not feel ill immediately after infection.
7- Seroconversion refers to the development of antibodies to HIV and usually takes place between 1 and 6 weeks after HIV infection has happened.
8- It has 4 stages:
҉ Clinical stage 1 - asymptomatic or generalizedswelling of the lymph nodes
҉ Clinical stage 2 - includes minor weight loss, minor mucocutaneous manifestations, and recurrent upper respiratory tract infections
҉ Clinical stage 3 - includes unexplained chronic diarrhoea, unexplained persistent fever, oral candidiasis or leukoplakia, severe bacterial infections, pulmonary tuberculosis, and acute necrotizing inflammation in the mouth.
҉ Clinicalstage 4 - includes 22 opportunistic infections or cancers related to HIV.
9- In stage 3 some persons have AIDS.
10- After 22 opportunistic infections.
11- The signs of AIDS develop within 5-10 years.
12- The time between infection with HIV and being diagnosed with AIDS can be 10–15 years, sometimes longer.
13- HIV is found in the bodily fluids of a person who has been infected - blood, semen,vaginal fluids and breast milk.
14- It’s transmitted through:
҉ Unprotected sex (vaginal, anal and to a lesser extent oral sex) with an infected person.
҉ Sharing contaminated syringes, needles or other sharp instruments.
҉ From mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth or breast feeding when the mother is already HIV positive.
҉ Blood transfusion with contaminated blood.
15- Yes,because a blood test is the only way a person can find out if he or she is infected with HIV.
16- No, because HIV is not transmitted through non-sexual day-to-day contact.
17- Nothing, because transmission though kissing on the mouth carries virtually no risk; no evidence has been found that the virus is spread through saliva by kissing.
18- No, because HIV is not spread by mosquitoes or other bitinginsects.
19- Yes, it is.
20- PEP is a course of antiretroviral drugs prescribed within 48 hours of exposure to HIV to protect against infection.
21- PEP is not 100% effective, even when started soon after exposure.
22- Abstain from sex; remain faithful in a relationship with an uninfected; use condoms correctly.
23- Yes, they are. Condoms are highly effective in protecting against sexualtransmitted infections including HIV.
24- Because they share syringes and sharps. Beside they re-use needles, syringes and drug preparation equipment.
25- ҉ A short treatment of antiretroviral drugs administered to the pregnant mother before the birth and to the child after birth.
҉ Caesarian section birth.
҉ Seek advice from a health professional on breastfeeding.
26- Yes, they are. Because arisk of HIV transmission exists if non-sterile instruments are used.
27- The most infectious period is during the “window period” of early infection. It’s when the antibodies are developing in the body.
28- Because is the most infectious period.
29- No, because during the window period (3 months) people infected with HIV have no antibodies in their blood that can be detected by an HIV test.
30-The person should be tested after the window period, when the antibodies are developed.
31- No, the results of the HIV test must be kept absolutely confidential.
32- No, because before you take a HIV test you must give informed consent prior to being tested.
33- No, the results cannot be shared with another individual unless written permission is provided by the person tested.
34- Yes,...