Produccion De Acetona

Chemical reaction engineering 2015716 Applied Engineering: chemical and biochemical processes

Acetone production from cumene hydroperoxide
D. Galindoa,*, A. Moralesb,*, C. Ospinac,*, S. Quecánd,*
Code 244770, Code 244810, Code 244809, Code 244739 *National University of Colombia in Bogotá, Chemical and environmental engineering department, Chemical engineering degree, Bogotá, Colombia.
a bc d

INTRODUCTION Acetone is a very important chemical industry solvent with qualities that make it very attractive for various chemical processes such as adhesives, paint components, pharmaceuticals and it is sometimes used for the production of synthetic materials because of the ability to dissolve solids, liquids or gases. It has the characteristic to be non polar so it is related with thistype of substances. Is an organic substance which can be obtained naturally or by industrial way, some of the processes used in the production of acetone are:  Oxidizing cumene from catalytic via.  Dehydrogenation or oxidation of isopropyl alcohol (IPA)  Method of acetylene  Method of propylene (SHELL)  Method of acetic acid  Method of fermentation In this paper we work with the most commonprocess in the industry today is the oxidation of cumene. 1. FLOWCHART AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION

The production of acetone from cumene via is known as Hook method, is a process that adapts to very favourable conditions for the assembly process to an industrial level, although this process is designed for the production of phenol, the acetone utility makes it very important. The process begins withthe oxidation of cumene that is carried out in a bubble column in which the cumene enters and it is deposited on the bottom, air is injected at the bottom in order to bubble the liquid causing oxidation, this is an exothermic reaction which generates about 356 BTU of heat per pound of con cumene hydroperoxide forms, we can use an array of 3 or 4 oxidizers in series because the cumene conversionis low, the conversion of cumene being between 25 and 40% moreover, the reaction must be catalyzed by a promoter to enhance the conversion to the values mentioned for this, using an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide, using relations of organic to aqueous phase from 2 to 5. The predominant mechanism of reaction is the reaction of free radicals, where the first decomposition isinitiated by some of cumene hydroperoxide to give ROand OH-radicals, which react with the radical R to form cumene; immediately, these radicals propagate and form ROO- in the presence of oxygen, which also interacts with the cumene hydroperoxide to form and generate the radical R, the reaction ends when radicals are recombined, where, besides the main products of cumene hydroperoxide (HCP) areproducts that originate from free radical RO-, making the formation of dimethyl phenyl carbonyl (DMPC) from cumene and also the acetophenone formation from homolytic decomposition left a methyl radical which reacts with oxygen to generate products such as methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid and carbon dioxide.

Diagram 1. Production process diagram of acetone  Source: Instituto tecnológico deOxaca.

Then the solution passes to a process of concentration and washing, due to the remaining of traces of calcium carbonate, so that it is necessary to decant or wash where the organic solution achieves disaggregate the aqueous mixture, subsequently passing the organic solution through a hub to bring to the HPC to a concentration between 65 and 90% by weight, this process is performed in avacuum rectification column in which it eliminates large amount of cumene, we have to take care to not achieve concentrations above 92% of HCP ,which lead to instability in the process and makes it explosive and impossible to work with. The next step is to perform a cumene peroxide decomposition, this gives initially equimolar amounts of phenol and acetone, also produce small amounts of amethyl...