Productos De La Nanotecnologia

Technical university of denmark | |
|Risk evaluation of nanoparticles in sunscreen |
|12600 Nanotechnology and the Environment |
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|BOURBIGOT Adrien s081019 |
|OTERO Laura s081321 |
|PINON Rémi s081027|
|26/06/2009 |

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Abstract

A lot ofsunscreens are marketed in the world and an increasing proportion incorporate engineered nanoparticles, which can be defined as manufactured particles having one or more dimensions less than 100nm. Nanoparticles exploit the chemical reactivity and other parameters that the reduction from bulk to nano offers. Nanoparticles in sunscreen such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) constituteeffective broad spectrum ultraviolet radiation blocking agents and also enhance sunscreen transparency.

In this report, it is assessed if sunscreens containing these two nanoparticles pose a potential risk to both people using them and workers from the manufacturing processes, taking into account the different ways of exposure, which depends on the location of the nanoparticle along its lifecycle. Inparallel, it is also assessed the risk derived for the environment and the organisms living there. The assessment has been done through the DuP/ED Framework, which permit to collect all useful information.

The studies performed, compiled on scientific articles, are characterized by having not congruent conclusion about the risk potential of this kind of particles, although strong indicationshave been found: different damages to human health and great damage to different organism has been documented. Thus, nanoparticles should be considered as new chemical entities that require safety data and more studies must be performed to the better knowledge. Therefore, until such safety data will be available, the precautionary principle should be applied in their management.

It is seenthrough the report that ZnO NPs are more toxic that TiO2 for both environment and human.

List of content

Abstract 2
Introduction 4
What is nanotechnology? 4
What are the nanomaterials? 4
Nanomaterials properties 4
Nanoparticles 5
Risks 5
Sunscreen: Why? What are the benefits using nanotechnology? 6
Brief comparison between bulk and nanoparticles 7
Different crystal forms of TiO2 and ZnO 7Results 11
1. Different manufacturing process of TiO2 and ZnO 12
2. Risk Toxicity related to TiO2 and ZnO 13
Risk comes from the use of sunscreens: 15
Risk comes from the manufacturing processes 19
Risk comes from disposal of the product at the end of its use 19
3. Minimization of exposure in the manufacturing and the use stage 20
Discussion: Limitation of the DuP/ED framework 21Introduction 23
Discussion 23
Appendix I – Part 1 of the DuP/ED Framework 27
Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) 27
Zinc Oxide (ZnO) 27
Appendix II – Part 2 of the DuP/ED Framework 29
Tables for the TiO2 29
Tables for ZnO 38
Appendix 3. 47
Group work I 47
Group work II 49

Introduction

What is nanotechnology?

To define Nanotechnology we run into a lot of difficulties, if one look up at the web...