Repaso linguistica

.I LANGUAGE
- Linguistics: is the scientific study of language
- What is life? Vs. What is Language?
- English one word for “Language” ≠ Spanish two words “Lengua” and “Lenguaje”
- Lenguaje:refer the language in general, applied to systems of communication whether they are natural or artificial, human or non-human.
- Lengua: applied to particular languages
- English allows its speakers tosay of some person, not only that he possesses a language (English, Chinese, Spanish) but he that he possesses language.
- Philosophers, psychologist and linguists commonly make the point that it isthe possession of language which most distinguishes man from other animals.
- One cannot possess (or use) natural language without possessing (or using) some particular natural language.
- Languageis applied to a variety of other systems of communication, notation or calculation.
-Esperanto: based on a pre-existing natural languages and is incontrovertibly a language (for internationalcommunication)
- Other systems of communication, both human and non-human, which are natural rather than artificial
- Artificial: Sign language, Body language
- Natural: Verbal, Written
- Linguisticconcerned with natural languages
- Natural languages spoken throughout the world is a specific instance of something more general. The linguist wants to know is whether all natural languages havesomething in common not shared by other systems of communication, human or non-human, such that it is right to apply to each of them the word “language” and to deny the application of the term to othersystems of communication.
- Language Definitions:
- SAPIR (1921): language is purely human and non-instinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions and desires by means of voluntarily producedsymbols.
1. There is much more than (ideas, emotions and desires) to communicate.
2. There are many systems of voluntarily produced symbols that we only count as languages in what we feel to be...