Snowboarding

What is Biotechnology?

Biotechnology is a science where they took part many diferents disciplines: some of these are pure biological sciences , like genetics, microbiology, molecular biology, biochemistry...) , because of that it is difficult to define and there are a lot of possible definitions, but the definitions that is token by all the scientists in the world is:
"Any technologicalapplication that uses biological systems or living organisms to make or modify products or processes for specific use.”
History:

If we took the definition witch say that biotechnology are use biological system to make product that we can use in our everyday life, to talk about the origins of that science we have to go back to Neolithic Revolution: when the people (hominids) after the long periodof time of hunting and gathering start discovering they can domesticate plants and animals and that activity produce many more products than the old way.
However, the Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the domestication of plants and animals, it revolutions also provide a lot of types of development in the food industry, like transport containers, tools, techniques…

Thought earlybiotechnology, the farmers of Neolithic selected the best crops, having
the highest yields to produce enough food.
After that, farmers discovered that specific organisms and their by-products are able to fertilize, restore nutrients and control pests. After this acts the farmers have been using biotechnology and because of that this science has evolved over the years.
An example of thisdevelopment is that through the years farmers have accidentally altered the genetics of their crops through introducing them to new environment and mix them with other plants.
These processes took importance especially in Mesopotamia, Egypt and India. Where the use of biological system are very important for example in the manufacture of food products , and obviously in brewing ( where specific enzymeswhich are contained in mated grains convert starch into sugar and then with yeasts produce beer) . Fermentations was also used in this time to do leavened bread, but this process wasn’t understood until Pasteur published his work in 1857.
For thousand years, humans have used biology to improve products to use them for food. Since the early twentieth century until now scientist gained a greaterunderstanding of microbiology and explored ways of manufacturing specific products.


Applications of Biotechnology
The applications of biotechnology are so broad , and the advantages are very complete, so compelling every industry is using this type of technology.
Biotechnology is enabling these industries ( in areas as diverse as pharmaceuticals, diagnostics, textiles, aquaculture,forestry, chemicals… ) to make new or better products, with greater speed, efficiency and flexibility.
Biotechnology can be applied in various zones, which are the following ones:
Firstly, we can find the alimentation industry champ. In this one, it is common to use the biotechnology innovative processes to elaborate multiple products for society, as can be the alcoholic drinks, like wine or beer, andthe lactic products, like yogurts or cheeses.

It is also common to orientate the biotechnology sources more into a medical and research side, like the pharmaceutics industry. This industry combines the medical and technique knowledge’s with the chemical concepts to create for example antibiotics or, to obtain various proteins which can later be used for medical goals (like could be the insertionof insulin in the body of a diabetic patient). Continuing into this theme, it is quite popular to use biotechnology to produce last generation vaccines, for example, comestible vaccines. Finally, it can be used to create serums, which are going to be used in medical centers for the insertion or transfusion of nutrients into patients.


In one hand, biotechnology is related to environmental...