Temario ingles secundaria
Páginas: 20 (4796 palabras)
Publicado: 19 de marzo de 2012
INDEX
1. THE NORMAN CONQUEST. A HISTORICAL APPROACH
2. THE LINGUISTIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE NORMAN CONQUEST
3. INFLUENCE OF FRENCH UPON MIDDLE ENGLISH SYNTAX
3.1. The Adjective
3.2. Article Used with the Relative Pronoun
3.3. Combination of infinitive and Present Participle or Gerund
3.4. Greater Development of Prepositions
3.5. The Verb “to Do”
3.6.Terms Built up on the Basis of the Verb “to Take”
3.7. The Old French. Word Corps
4. BORROWINGS IN THE MIDDLE ENGLISH PERIOD
4.1. First Stage
4.2. Second Stage
5. REBIRTH OF CLASSICAL LEAMING
6. ENRICHMENT OF VOCABULARY
6.1. French Prefixes and Suffixes
7. CALCS
1. THE NORMAN CONQUEST. A HISTORICAL APPROACH
After the migration ofthe Anglo-Saxons in the fifth century from the continent to Britain, the Norman conquest was the single most significant event in the external history of the English language. The Norman Conquest has led to a language that is qualitatively different from what is was before 1066.
The groundwork[1] for Norman dominion began long before 1066. During Cnute's rule, Edward the Confessor, son ofEthelred and Emma, daughter of a former Duke of Normandy, returned from exile in Normandy, strongly influenced by the Norman clergy and more interested in being a monk than a king. In fact, when he assumed the throne in 1042 he probably spoke better French than English. Because of his background, he appointed Normans to high positions in the English clergy and government, and by allowing Norman’saccess to London, he introduced them into English commercial life. Moreover, he made no attempt to unify the island, strengthen its defences, or redress[2] the growing imbalance of power exercised by a few earls jealous of one another's power.
When Edward died in January of 1066, a seriously divided and weakened England faced the additional problems brought about by his fidelity to hismonks Vow of chastity. He left no direct heir. There were, however, two possible oblique[3] heirs. One, was Edgar Atheling, considered by most to be at 16, too young to assume the throne. The other was Harold II, a more distant relation but one with the blood of King Olaf of Sweden. He was finally chosen by the WITAN (the King's council) to be King.
Nevertheless this election did not longgo unchallenged. William, the Duke of Normandy, at this time, though as a second cousin to Edward did not have any right of inheritance to the English throne, he had nevertheless had been living in expectation of becoming Edward's successor.
Only by force, could William hope to obtain the crown to which he believed himself entitled. And so, having determined upon his course of action, helost no time in beginning preparations. In September 1066 William landed at Pevensey, finding no opposition as Harold was occupied in the north of England meeting an invasion by the King of Norway, another claimant to the throne. So, Harold had to fight the Normans with a very diminished army. During the Battle of HASTINGS, an arrow pierced[4] Harold in the eye dying instantaneously. His brothershad died too. Deprived of their leaders, the English became disorganised and the confusion spread. The Normans then won the battle. After further opposition which led to the burning of many southern villages, the citizens of London finally decided that further resistance would be useless. Accordingly they capitulated, and on Christmas Day, 1066, William. was crowned King of England.
In afew years, through persuasion and massacre, William largely erased the old political distinctions between the Dane law and the South. England was, though brutally oppressed, at last politically united under one sovereign King.
William, simultaneously deprived the English earls of their power by breaking up the last vestiges of the traditional minikingdoms of Mercia, Wessex and the....
1. THE NORMAN CONQUEST. A HISTORICAL APPROACH
2. THE LINGUISTIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE NORMAN CONQUEST
3. INFLUENCE OF FRENCH UPON MIDDLE ENGLISH SYNTAX
3.1. The Adjective
3.2. Article Used with the Relative Pronoun
3.3. Combination of infinitive and Present Participle or Gerund
3.4. Greater Development of Prepositions
3.5. The Verb “to Do”
3.6.Terms Built up on the Basis of the Verb “to Take”
3.7. The Old French. Word Corps
4. BORROWINGS IN THE MIDDLE ENGLISH PERIOD
4.1. First Stage
4.2. Second Stage
5. REBIRTH OF CLASSICAL LEAMING
6. ENRICHMENT OF VOCABULARY
6.1. French Prefixes and Suffixes
7. CALCS
1. THE NORMAN CONQUEST. A HISTORICAL APPROACH
After the migration ofthe Anglo-Saxons in the fifth century from the continent to Britain, the Norman conquest was the single most significant event in the external history of the English language. The Norman Conquest has led to a language that is qualitatively different from what is was before 1066.
The groundwork[1] for Norman dominion began long before 1066. During Cnute's rule, Edward the Confessor, son ofEthelred and Emma, daughter of a former Duke of Normandy, returned from exile in Normandy, strongly influenced by the Norman clergy and more interested in being a monk than a king. In fact, when he assumed the throne in 1042 he probably spoke better French than English. Because of his background, he appointed Normans to high positions in the English clergy and government, and by allowing Norman’saccess to London, he introduced them into English commercial life. Moreover, he made no attempt to unify the island, strengthen its defences, or redress[2] the growing imbalance of power exercised by a few earls jealous of one another's power.
When Edward died in January of 1066, a seriously divided and weakened England faced the additional problems brought about by his fidelity to hismonks Vow of chastity. He left no direct heir. There were, however, two possible oblique[3] heirs. One, was Edgar Atheling, considered by most to be at 16, too young to assume the throne. The other was Harold II, a more distant relation but one with the blood of King Olaf of Sweden. He was finally chosen by the WITAN (the King's council) to be King.
Nevertheless this election did not longgo unchallenged. William, the Duke of Normandy, at this time, though as a second cousin to Edward did not have any right of inheritance to the English throne, he had nevertheless had been living in expectation of becoming Edward's successor.
Only by force, could William hope to obtain the crown to which he believed himself entitled. And so, having determined upon his course of action, helost no time in beginning preparations. In September 1066 William landed at Pevensey, finding no opposition as Harold was occupied in the north of England meeting an invasion by the King of Norway, another claimant to the throne. So, Harold had to fight the Normans with a very diminished army. During the Battle of HASTINGS, an arrow pierced[4] Harold in the eye dying instantaneously. His brothershad died too. Deprived of their leaders, the English became disorganised and the confusion spread. The Normans then won the battle. After further opposition which led to the burning of many southern villages, the citizens of London finally decided that further resistance would be useless. Accordingly they capitulated, and on Christmas Day, 1066, William. was crowned King of England.
In afew years, through persuasion and massacre, William largely erased the old political distinctions between the Dane law and the South. England was, though brutally oppressed, at last politically united under one sovereign King.
William, simultaneously deprived the English earls of their power by breaking up the last vestiges of the traditional minikingdoms of Mercia, Wessex and the....
Leer documento completo
Regístrate para leer el documento completo.