Teoria De Proximidad

Teoria de Proximidad:

Porter shows that the two most promising paths are, on the one hand, globalization strategies based on a high dispersal/coordination of a company’s activities and, on theother hand, industrial districts or local clusters. Whereas the first model seems to be particularly adapted to the big multinational firm, on the other hand, it appears that the second is morecompatible with the specific management style of small companies.

The impact assessment of these globalizing processes, both for SMEs and for regions, leads one to place the proximity and territoryconcepts at the centre of the analysis, by suggesting two axes of reflection:
- On the one hand, the smaller dimension constitutes a constraint that leads the SMEs to prioritize the proximity dimension intheir management style.
- On the other hand, the proximity territory in which small companies are established may constitute a basis, and even a stepping stone, facilitating the access of the smallcompany towards an international opening.

Proximity plays an active role in the global insertion of SMEs. Their performance would then depend on the availability and quality of local resourcesbecause it is at this level that SMEs first look for their external resources. Most SME internationalizing processes are embedded in local positions (Keeble and al., 1998), which give to territory (ofproximity) a crucial role that has to be assessed and integrated in SME internationalizing theory.

A "internationalizing milieu" is a sustainable cooperation system ("milieu") in which the localplayers (SMEs, local authorities, public and semi-public bodies, academic research centre’s, banking institutions...) work together towards creating a internationalizing dynamic in order to make local firmsmore accessible to the rest of the world and the region more attractive on an international scale. A internationalizing milieu implies an endogenous dynamic to encourage local firms to develop a...