The abortion - monography

I. - INDEX

INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………….......Page 03
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK……………………………………………..Page 04
* ABORTION………………………………………………………………......Page 04
* TYPES……………………………………………………………………......Page 04
* INDUCTION METHODS……………………….……………………….......Page 06
* COMPLICATIONS………………………………………………………......Page 08
CONCLUSIONS……………………………………………………………….Page 10BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………………...Page 11

II. - INTRODUCTION

This monograph deals with abortion, which is defined as the termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo before fetal viability.
Abortion is a controversial issue that generates much debate worldwide. The legality, prevalence, cultural status and religious status of abortion vary substantially around the world. The abortion controversyhas become one of the most divisive and irrationally contentious issues of our time. Turned into a struggle with no permanent resolution in sight, attention has been focused almost exclusively on the differences between pro – life and pro – choice forces.
In Peru, abortion is illegal constitutes a crime against life. The only case of abortion is not punishable by law is performed to save the lifeof the woman or avoid serious or permanent bad. However it is estimated that in our country are produced each year 352 000 induced abortions, according to a study in 2009 by Delicia Ferrando (Centro Flora Tristan and Pathfinder International). At the present time, the abortion is the fourth leading cause of maternal death (7%), according to the Ministry of Health.

III.- THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKABORTION
Abortion is technically defined as the termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo before fetal viability; however, the term may be defined more broadly to include any termination of pregnancy before birth. An abortion can occur spontaneously, in which case it is usually called a miscarriage, or it can be purposely induced.
Abortion, wheninduced in the developed world in jurisdictions where the procedure is legal, is among the safest procedures in medicine.
However, unsafe abortions, those performed by persons without proper training or outside of a medical environment, result in approximately 70 thousand maternal deaths and 5 million disabilities per year globally. An estimated 42 million abortions are performed globally eachyear, with 20 million of those performed unsafely. Forty percent of the world's women are able to access therapeutic and elective abortions within gestational limits.
Induced abortion has a long history and has been facilitated by various methods including herbal abortifacients, the use of sharpened tools, physical trauma, and other traditional methods. Contemporary medicine utilizes medicationsand surgical procedures to induce abortion.

* TYPES
INDUCED
Approximately 205 million pregnancies occur each year worldwide. Over a third are unintended and about a fifth end in induced abortion. Most abortions result from unintended pregnancies. A pregnancy can be intentionally aborted in several ways. The manner selected often depends upon the gestational age of the embryo or fetus, whichincreases in size as the pregnancy progresses. Specific procedures may also be selected due to legality, regional availability, and doctor or patient preference.
Reasons for procuring induced abortions are typically characterized as either therapeutic or elective:
* An abortion is medically referred to as a therapeutic abortion when it is performed to save the life of the pregnant woman;prevent harm to the woman's physical or mental health; terminate a pregnancy where indications are that the child will have a significantly increased chance of premature morbidity or mortality or be otherwise disabled; or to selectively reduce the number of fetuses to lessen health risks associated with multiple pregnancy.

* An abortion is referred to as an...