The Mole

The Mole

1

• A collection term states a specific number of Items.
• 1 dozen donuts = 12 donuts • 1 ream of paper = 500 sheets

• 1 case = 24 cans

2

A mole (mol) is a collection thatcontains the same number of particles as there are carbon atoms in 12.01 g of carbon.
6.022 x 1023 atoms of an element (Avogadro’s number).

3

1 mol C atoms
1 mol Na atoms 1 mol Au atoms

== =

6.022 x 1023 C
6.022 x 1023 Na 6.022 x 1023 Au

4

A mole
’
1 mol CO2 = 6.022 x 1023 CO2 molecules
1 mol H2O = 6.022 x 1023 H2O molecules

5

A mole
’
1 mol NaCl = 6.022 x 1023NaCl formula units
1 mol K2SO4 = 6.022 x 1023 K2SO4 formula units

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7

’
•

:

1 mol

= 6.022 x 1023 particles
:

6.022 x 1023 particles and 1 mol 1 mol 6.022 x 1023 particles8

’
•

How many Cu atoms are in 0.50 mol of Cu?
0.50 mol Cu x 6.022 x 1023 Cu atoms

1 mol Cu = 3.0 x 1023 Cu atoms

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’
•

How many moles of CO2 are in 2.50 x 1024 molecules ofCO2?
2.50 x 1024 molecules CO2 x 1 mol CO2
6.022 x 1023 molecules CO2

= 4.15 mol of CO2
10

A. 2.0 Al atoms B. 3.0 x 1023 Al atoms

C. 1.2 x 1024 Al atoms

A. 1.0 mol of S atoms
B. 3.0 molof S atoms C. 1.1 x 1048 mol of S atoms
11

1. 2.0 mol Al x

6.022 x 1023 Al atoms
1 mol Al

= 1.2 x 1024 Al atoms (C)
2. 1.8 x 1024 S atoms x 1 mol S

6.022 x 1023 S atoms = 3.0 mol of Satoms (B)

12

The subscripts in a formula state
Glucose

C6H12O6

1 molecule: 1 mol:

6 atoms of C 6 mol of C

12 atoms of H 12 mol of H

6 atoms of O 6 mol of O

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14Subscripts used for conversion factors • relate moles of each element in 1 mol of compound • for aspirin C9H8O4 can be written as
9 mol C
1 mol C9H8O4

8 mol H
1 mol C9H8O4 and

4 mol O
1 molC9H8O4

1 mol C9H8O4 9 mol C

1 mol C9H8O4 8 mol H

1 mol C9H8O4 4 mol O
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16

Molar Mass

Lithium carbonate produces a red color in fireworks.
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The molar mass
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18...