The Respiratory System

The Respiratory System: Anatomy Review

1. Fill in the missing organs of the respiratory system:
___Nares_____ (air enters) ( nasal cavity ( ____pharynx, _______ (both air and food movethrough) ( trachea ( ____bronchus_____ (large tubes leading to both lungs) ( lungs.
2. Each lung is surrounded by two layers of serous membrane known as pleurae. These are:______Visceral____ pleura; covers the surface of the lung
______Parietal____ pleura; lines the thoracic wall
The space in between is called the ____pleural_____ cavity and it is filled with____pleural_______ fluid.
This fluid assists breathing movements by acting as a _____lubricant_.
3. Bronchial tree:
Air flows from the trachea through the _____main bronchi________, _____lobarbronchi_______, and __segmental___ bronchi to smaller and smaller bronchi. The trachea and bronchi contain ___cartilage___________ to keep the airways open.
Bronchi branch into___bronchioles______, which do not contain __cartilage___ but do contain more ___smooth_____ muscle. This allows for regulation of airflow.
4. Airways from the nasal cavity through the terminal bronchiolesare called the ___conducting_____ zone.
The function of this zone is to __moisten, warm_ and ______filter__ the air.
Is there gas exchange in this zone? __No____
5. The respiratoryzone contains _____alveoli_________ where gas is exchanged. This zone consists of the __respiratory______ bronchioles, ____alveolar_______ ducts and _____alveolar_______ sacs.

6. The pulmonary__artery________ carries blood which is (high or low) in oxygen to the lungs.
Pulmonary ___capillaries_______ exchange gases with the alveoli.
Blood leaves the lungs in the pulmonary____veins________, which carry ______oxygenated_______ blood back to the heart.
7. Name the three types of cells in the alveolus:
1. _____Type I_________; simple squamous epithelium
2....