Vent Plas Implantes

JOMI on CD-ROM, 1988 Feb (109-122 ): Evolution of the Vent-Plant Osseointegrated C…

Copyrights © 1997 Quinte…

Evolution of the Vent-Plant Osseointegrated Compatible Implant System
Leonard I. Linkow, DDS Anthony W. Rinaldi, DMD

The evolution of cylindrical endosseous dental implants is outlined. Clinical verification, indications, contraindications, and other considerations in the useand possible abuse of cylindrical implants are discussed. Biological, biomechanical, and biomaterial refinements, as well as the functional and esthetic features of the current Vent-Plant Osseointegrated Compatible Implant System, are described. (INT J ORAL MAXILLOFAC IMPLANTS 1988;3:109-122.)
Key words: aluminum, bone-like microstructure, cylindrical endosseous implant, ion beam sputtering,osseointegration, Osseolock, plasma spray, Resilient Abutment Cylinder, Robutment, semisubmerged, self-tapping screw, titanium, Vent-Plant

Although cylindrical and screw-type implants have now gained broad acceptance in
the dental community, modern developments in this area date to 1909 when Greenfield1-3 first patented an iridioplatinum lattice caged implant. In 1939, Strock and Strock4 described amethod for replacing single teeth utilizing chrome cobalt screws. In 1949, Lubit and Rappaport5 reported work with root socket screw and birdcage-shaped implants. Cherchève6-22 created a double-helical spiraled shaft implant (Figs 1a and 1b) and coordinated a method of using sequential drilling and tapping prior to insertion. The "sleep-away" implant of Cherchève (Fig 2), developed in 1958 wasburied to enhance healing. When the site had healed, the implant was re-exposed and a screw bearing prosthesis was inserted. The Cherchève double-helical spiral shaft implant and other European implants, such as the implants of Perron-Andres, 23,24 Tramonte,25 Benoit,26 Jenneret,27 and Muratori,28 had all been derived from the original Formiggini implant29-31 (Fig 3). All were metal (eithercobalt-chrome, titanium, or stainless steel) and depended on depth for retention. The Tramonte implant25 (Fig 4) had improved threaded spirals, allowing for bone regeneration between the spirals. In 1963, Linkow32-46 developed the Vent-Plant (Dental Products Div, 3M Health Care Group, St Paul, Minn), a vented screw-type implant, which was initially fabricated in chrome cobalt, stainless steel, or tantalum(Figs 5a and 5b). After different implants fabricated from various materials had been evaluated, it became obvious that commercially pure (CP) titanium or titanium-based alloys were the materials of choice. By the end of 1964, all Vent-Plant implants were made from the titanium-based alloy Ti 6AL 4V (Fig 6).

JOMI on CD-ROM, 1988 Feb (109-122 ): Evolution of the Vent-Plant Osseointegrated C…Copyrights © 1997 Quinte…

In 1965, a hollow basket-type implant was developed.47 The technique consisted of using a hollow trephine to create a core of bone beneath the alveolar crest. Soon after many of the hollow basket implants had been placed into function, the relatively avascular core of bone (existing more in the mandible than the maxilla) broke away from its base, leading tosequestration of the bone core and subsequent implant failure. Ten years later, a replica of the basket was developed48,49 (Fig 7). The current Core-Vent implant (Core-Vent Corp, Encino, Calif) also uses a modified hollow basket or core design50 (Fig 8). Because of the inherent problems created by the design of early basket-type implants, developmental efforts concentrated on the Vent-Plant implant.Original Vent-Plant clinical procedures and features
The original Vent-Plant was redesigned into a self-tapping implant. Unlike basket-type implants, which rely on a prepared core of existing bone, the Vent-Plant device created medullary bone cuttings through the use of V-shaped "sluiceways" in the threads (Figs 9 and 10) that were forced into the apical vents of the implant as it was self-tapped...