Antibiotic Use In Mammalian Cell Culture

Antibiotics in Mammalian Cell Culture
Antimicrobial
Spectrum1)

Mode of action1)
Solubility

(2,3,4)

6)

Inhibitors of Cell Wall
Synthesis:
a) β-Lactams
Ampicillin TrihydrateCarbenicillin, Na2-Salt
Penicillin G, K-Salt
Ampicillin Sodium

Conc. (µg/ml) (5, 6, 7) Stability
37 °
C
(days) (5,
Recom.

Toxic

1p. in 150 p. H2O; soluble in diluted acids and bases; insolublein alcohols
1p. in 1,2 p. H2O; 1P- in 25 p. 96 % ETOH
> 20 mg/ml H2O; > 20 mg/ml MEOH; 10 mg/ml ETOH
1p in 2 p H2O

100 U
100 U
100 U
100 U

Form complex with cholesterol. Cause leakage ofglucose.
Only act on membranes containing cholesterol, hence
having no effect on bacteria

2-4 mg/ml DMF; 30-40 mg/ml DMSO; soluble in H2O with Na-deoxycholate
freely soluble in DMF; slightlysoluble in H2O and MEOH

2,5
50

30
600

3
3

G-

Causes changes in membrane structure resulting in
leakage of small molecules

> 20 mg/ml H2O; 0,3 mg/ml MEOH;0,1 mg/ml ETOH

50

30005

G+, G-, My
G+, G-, My
G+, GG+, G-

Bind to the 30S subunit of the bacterial 70S ribosome and
block the initiation complex

Freely soluble in H2O; insoluble in alcohol and acetone
1p.in 1p. H2O; insoluble in alcohol and acetone
1p. in 3 p. H2O; insoluble in acetone
> 20 mg/ml H2O; 0,85 mg/ml MEOH; 0,3 mg/ml ETOH

50
100
50
100

3000
10,000
3000
20,000

5
5
5
3Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by preventing aminoacylRNA binding to the A-side of the 30S ribosomal subunit

8,6 mg/ml H2O; 17,4 mg/ml MEOH; soluble in sol. of alkali hydroxide and
carbonate;insoluble in acetone

10

80

1

6,9 mg/ml H2O; 16,3 mgl/ml MEOH; 11,9 mg/ml ETOH
10,9 mg/ml H2O; > 20 mg/ml MEOH; 7,9 mg/ml ETOH

5
10

25
35

3
4

G+, GG+, GG+
G+, G-

Inhibitthe last step in cell wall synthesis, the crosslinking
of different peptidoglycan strands

10,000

3
3
3
3

Inhibitors of Cell Membrane
Function:
a) Polyene Macrolides
Amphotericin B...